Lal S
Can J Neurol Sci. 1979 Nov;6(4):427-35. doi: 10.1017/s0317167100023830.
The few existing neuropathological, neurochemical, and neuropharmacological studies have shed little light on the pathophysiology of spasmodic torticollis (ST). The relevance of experimental ST in animals and drug-induced ST in man to idiopathic ST is unclear. Most pharmacotherapeutic endeavors have focused on drugs affecting basal ganglia function. Unfortunately, problems of sample size, clinical heterogeneity of patient population, research design, objective evaluation of response, documentation of key data, and adequacy of duration of follow-up make interpretation of published results difficult. Because of the heterogeneity of ST, investigations aimed at establishing a neurotransmitter profile for each patient by observing the acute response to a test dose of drugs affecting cholinergic, dopaminergic, serotonergic, and gamma-aminobutyric acid systems may provide a more rational basis to the selection of treatment.
现有的少数神经病理学、神经化学和神经药理学研究对痉挛性斜颈（ST）的病理生理学了解甚少。动物实验性ST和人类药物诱导性ST与特发性ST的相关性尚不清楚。大多数药物治疗研究都集中在影响基底神经节功能的药物上。不幸的是，样本量、患者群体的临床异质性、研究设计、反应的客观评估、关键数据的记录以及随访时间的充足性等问题使得对已发表结果的解释变得困难。由于ST的异质性，通过观察对影响胆碱能、多巴胺能、血清素能和γ-氨基丁酸系统的药物试验剂量的急性反应来为每位患者建立神经递质谱的研究可能为治疗选择提供更合理的依据。
