Ginter E
Institute of Preventive and Clinical Medicine, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
Cent Eur J Public Health. 1997 Dec;5(4):174-6.
At the time of the collapse of the Soviet bloc in 1989-1990, male life expectancy in Central and Eastern Europe was significantly lower than that in Western Europe. Recent trends in health status in this region are very different: steady improvement in the Czech Republic, first signs of improvement in the Slovak Republic and Poland, slight aggravation in Hungary and Bulgaria and health collapse in the Russian Federation. Male life expectancy at birth in the Czech Republic reached in 1995 70.0 years, while in the Russian Federation it decreased in 1994 to 57.7 years. The increase in life expectancy in the Czech Republic is attributable to the decline of infant mortality and of cardiovascular mortality in middle-aged males. The decrease in life expectancy in the Russian Federation is attributable to the increase of cardiovascular mortality and to an extremely high increase of mortality caused by accidents, suicides and homicides. Pandemic of alcoholism plays a significant role in the unfavourable health trends in the Russian Federation.
1989 - 1990年苏联集团解体时，中欧和东欧男性的预期寿命显著低于西欧。该地区近期的健康状况趋势差异很大：捷克共和国稳步改善，斯洛伐克共和国和波兰出现初步改善迹象，匈牙利和保加利亚略有恶化，而俄罗斯联邦则出现健康状况崩溃。1995年，捷克共和国出生时男性预期寿命达到70.0岁，而1994年俄罗斯联邦的这一数字降至57.7岁。捷克共和国预期寿命的增加归因于婴儿死亡率和中年男性心血管死亡率的下降。俄罗斯联邦预期寿命的下降归因于心血管死亡率的上升以及事故、自杀和他杀导致的死亡率极高的增长。酗酒泛滥在俄罗斯联邦不利的健康趋势中起了重要作用。
