[西班牙35至64岁人群心血管危险因素的流行病学研究]

[An epidemiological study on cardiovascular risk factors in 35-64 years old Spanish population].

作者信息

Banegas Banegas J R, Villar Alvarez F, Pérez de Andrés C, Jiménez García-Pascual R, Gil López E, Muñiz García J, Juane Sánchez R

机构信息

Subdirección General de Epidemiología, Promoción y Educación para la Salud, Dirección General de Salud Pública, Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo, Madrid.

出版信息

Rev Sanid Hig Publica (Madr). 1993 Nov-Dec;67(6):419-45.

PMID:7732310

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Cardiovascular disease (CVD), specifically Coronary Health Disease and Cerebrovascular Disease, are the first cause of death in Spain. Information about their main modifiable risk factors (RF) distribution is needed in order to CVD prevention. The purpose of this paper is to estimate these RF prevalence and distribution by age, sex and habitat groups, i.e. tobacco smoking, cholesterolemia, high blood pressure, and obesity in the Spanish population.

METHODS

A random cluster sampling cross-sectional study, stratified by habitat (rural and urban), age and sex, was carried out on 2021 men and women of 35 to 64 years of age in 1989. Definition criteria for variables studied were those from WHO and European Atherosclerosis Society. Additional data for study were treatment and control level of hypertensives, cardiovascular drugs consumption and CVD family history.

RESULTS

Participation rate was 73.3%. Mean cholesterolemia was 211.2 mg/dl (210.1 mg/dl in males and 211.9 mg/dl in females). Mean systolic blood pressure was 132.3 mmHg (133.4 and 131.6 mmHg in men and women, respectively). Mean Quetelet Index was 27.5 kg/m2 (27.2 and 27.6 for men and women). 49.4% of males and 16.7% of females were smokers (25.7% and 78.3% were never smokers, respectively). Prevalence of hypercholesterolemia (> or = 250 mg/dl) was 18.6% in men and 17.6% in women, and that of high blood pressure (> or = 160/95 mmHg) was 21.5% in men (49.1% of them treated, and 26.7% controlled), and 19% in women (60.9% treated and 38% controlled). 18.4% of men and 27.4% of women had a Quetelet Index greater than thirty. 15 to 20% of individuals reported a CVD family history. For all these variables there were generally differences according to age, sex, and habitat.

CONCLUSIONS

Risk factors distributions and prevalences in Spanish middle-aged individuals rank relatively high. This suggest need of further study and control of them to address CVD prevention properly.

摘要

背景

心血管疾病（CVD），特别是冠心病和脑血管疾病，是西班牙的首要死因。为预防心血管疾病，需要了解其主要可改变风险因素（RF）的分布情况。本文旨在按年龄、性别和居住地区组估计这些风险因素的患病率和分布情况，即西班牙人群中的吸烟、胆固醇血症、高血压和肥胖情况。

方法

1989年，对2021名年龄在35至64岁之间的男女进行了一项随机整群抽样横断面研究，按居住地区（农村和城市）、年龄和性别进行分层。所研究变量的定义标准来自世界卫生组织和欧洲动脉粥样硬化学会。研究的其他数据包括高血压患者的治疗和控制水平、心血管药物消费情况以及心血管疾病家族史。

结果

参与率为73.3%。平均胆固醇血症为211.2毫克/分升（男性为210.1毫克/分升，女性为211.9毫克/分升）。平均收缩压为132.3毫米汞柱（男性和女性分别为133.4和131.6毫米汞柱）。平均奎特利指数为27.5千克/平方米（男性和女性分别为27.2和27.6）。49.4%的男性和16.7%的女性吸烟（从不吸烟者分别为25.7%和78.3%）。高胆固醇血症（≥250毫克/分升）的患病率男性为18.6%，女性为17.6%；高血压（≥160/95毫米汞柱）的患病率男性为21.5%（其中49.1%接受治疗，26.7%得到控制），女性为19%（60.9%接受治疗，38%得到控制）。18.4%的男性和27.4%的女性奎特利指数大于30。15%至20%的个体报告有心血管疾病家族史。对于所有这些变量，通常根据年龄、性别和居住地区存在差异。