Gould E, Tanapat P, McEwen B S, Flügge G, Fuchs E
Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Green Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Mar 17;95(6):3168-71. doi: 10.1073/pnas.95.6.3168.
Although granule cells continue to be added to the dentate gyrus of adult rats and tree shrews, this phenomenon has not been demonstrated in the dentate gyrus of adult primates. To determine whether neurons are produced in the dentate gyrus of adult primates, adult marmoset monkeys (Callithrix jacchus) were injected with BrdU and perfused 2 hr or 3 weeks later. BrdU is a thymidine analog that is incorporated into proliferating cells during S phase. A substantial number of cells in the dentate gyrus of adult monkeys incorporated BrdU and approximately 80% of these cells had morphological characteristics of granule neurons and expressed a neuronal marker by the 3-week time point. Previous studies suggest that the proliferation of granule cell precursors in the adult dentate gyrus can be inhibited by stress in rats and tree shrews. To test whether an aversive experience has a similar effect on cell proliferation in the primate brain, adult marmoset monkeys were exposed to a resident-intruder model of stress. After 1 hr in this condition, the intruder monkeys were injected with BrdU and perfused 2 hr later. The number of proliferating cells in the dentate gyrus of the intruder monkeys was compared with that of unstressed control monkeys. We found that a single exposure to this stressful experience resulted in a significant reduction in the number of these proliferating cells. Our results suggest that neurons are produced in the dentate gyrus of adult monkeys and that the rate of precursor cell proliferation can be affected by a stressful experience.
虽然颗粒细胞会持续添加到成年大鼠和树鼩的齿状回中，但这种现象在成年灵长类动物的齿状回中尚未得到证实。为了确定成年灵长类动物的齿状回中是否产生神经元，对成年狨猴（绢毛猴）注射了溴脱氧尿苷（BrdU），并在2小时或3周后进行灌注。BrdU是一种胸腺嘧啶类似物，在S期被整合到增殖细胞中。成年猴子齿状回中有大量细胞掺入了BrdU，到3周时间点时，这些细胞中约80%具有颗粒神经元的形态特征并表达一种神经元标记物。先前的研究表明，成年齿状回中颗粒细胞前体的增殖在大鼠和树鼩中可受到应激的抑制。为了测试厌恶体验对灵长类动物大脑中细胞增殖是否有类似影响，成年狨猴被置于应激的入侵者模型中。在此条件下1小时后，给入侵者猴子注射BrdU并在2小时后进行灌注。将入侵者猴子齿状回中增殖细胞的数量与未受应激的对照猴子的数量进行比较。我们发现单次暴露于这种应激体验会导致这些增殖细胞数量显著减少。我们的结果表明成年猴子的齿状回中会产生神经元，并且前体细胞的增殖速率会受到应激体验的影响。
