Goodman S A, Albano R, Wardle F C, Matthews G, Tannahill D, Dale L
Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.
Dev Biol. 1998 Mar 15;195(2):144-57. doi: 10.1006/dbio.1997.8840.
Bone morphogenetic protein 1 (BMP1) is a metalloproteinase closely related to Drosophila Tolloid (Tld). Tld regulates dorsoventral patterning in early Drosophila embryos by enhancing the activity of Dpp, a member of the TGF-beta family most closely related to BMP2 and BMP4. In Xenopus BMP4 appears to play an essential role in dorsoventral patterning, promoting the development of ventral fates during gastrula stages. To determine if BMP1 has a role in regulating the activity of BMP4, we have isolated cDNAs for Xenopus BMP1 and a novel closely related gene that we have called xolloid (xld). Whereas xbmp1 is uniformly expressed at all stages tested, the initial uniform expression of xld becomes localized to two posterior ectodermal patches flanking the neural plate and later to the inner ectoderm of the developing tailbud. xld is also expressed in dorsal regions of the brain during tailbud stages and is especially abundant in the ventricular layer of the dorsal hindbrain caudal to the otic vesicle. Overexpression of either gene inhibits the development of dorsoanterior structures in whole embryos and ventralizes activin-induced dorsal mesoderm in animal caps. Since ventralization of activin-induced animal caps can be blocked by coinjecting a dominant-inhibitory receptor for BMP2 and BMP4, we suggest a role for BMP1 and Xld in regulating the ventralizing activity of these molecules.
骨形态发生蛋白1（BMP1）是一种与果蝇类Tolloid（Tld）密切相关的金属蛋白酶。Tld通过增强Dpp的活性来调节果蝇早期胚胎的背腹模式形成，Dpp是TGF-β家族的成员，与BMP2和BMP4关系最为密切。在非洲爪蟾中，BMP4似乎在背腹模式形成中起关键作用，在原肠胚阶段促进腹侧命运的发育。为了确定BMP1是否在调节BMP4的活性中起作用，我们分离了非洲爪蟾BMP1的cDNA以及一个新的密切相关基因，我们将其命名为类Tolloid（xld）。虽然xbmp1在所有测试阶段均呈均匀表达，但xld最初的均匀表达后来定位于神经板两侧的两个后外胚层区域，随后定位于发育中尾芽的内胚层。在尾芽阶段，xld也在脑的背侧区域表达，在耳泡尾侧的背侧后脑室层中尤其丰富。任一基因的过表达都会抑制整个胚胎中背前部结构的发育，并使动物帽中激活素诱导的背侧中胚层腹侧化。由于共注射BMP2和BMP4的显性抑制受体可以阻断激活素诱导的动物帽腹侧化，我们认为BMP1和Xld在调节这些分子的腹侧化活性中起作用。
