Hong O S, Chen S P, Conrad K M
School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
AAOHN J. 1998 Feb;46(2):67-75.
The purposes of this study of airport workers were to a) determine the prevalence and symptoms of hearing loss, and b) identify compliance in using hearing protective devices (HPDs) and its relationship with hearing loss. This cross sectional epidemiological study was conducted with 255 noise exposed and 195 non-noise exposed, full time, male workers at a large metropolitan airport in Seoul, Korea. The three measures used were the self administered Occupational Hearing Questionnaire (OHQ), an audiological assessment, and a record review of baseline hearing and noise levels of locations in which the employee worked. The results showed a significant difference in prevalence of hearing loss (more than 25dB) between the noise and the non-noise exposed groups (p < .05). About 60.8% of noise exposed workers reported continuous use of the HPDs. The continuous HPD users had significantly lower rates of hearing loss than the occasional users or non-users. The major symptom for workers with low frequency hearing loss was trouble in communication, whereas tinnitus and fullness in the ear were the most common symptoms for the workers with high frequency hearing loss. The airport workers exposed to excessive noise had a great deal of high frequency hearing loss. The degree of hearing loss present reinforces the need for aggressive hearing conservation programs among airport workers exposed to noise.
a）确定听力损失的患病率和症状；b）确定使用听力保护装置（HPD）的依从性及其与听力损失的关系。这项横断面流行病学研究在韩国首尔一个大型都市机场的255名暴露于噪声环境的全职男性工人和195名未暴露于噪声环境的全职男性工人中进行。所采用的三项测量方法分别是自我管理的职业听力问卷（OHQ）、听力评估以及对员工工作地点的基线听力和噪声水平进行记录审查。结果显示，暴露于噪声环境组和未暴露于噪声环境组之间，听力损失（超过25dB）的患病率存在显著差异（p < 0.05）。约60.8%暴露于噪声环境的工人报告持续使用HPD。持续使用HPD的工人听力损失发生率显著低于偶尔使用者或不使用者。低频听力损失工人的主要症状是沟通困难，而耳鸣和耳闷是高频听力损失工人最常见的症状。暴露于过度噪声环境的机场工人有大量高频听力损失。当前存在的听力损失程度凸显了对暴露于噪声环境的机场工人实施积极听力保护计划的必要性。
