Dési I, Nagymajtényi L, Schulz H
Department of Public Health, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical University, and WHO Collaborating Centre for Chemical Safety, Dóm tér, Hungary.
J Appl Toxicol. 1998 Jan-Feb;18(1):63-70. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1099-1263(199801/02)18:1<63::aid-jat475>3.0.co;2-z.
Behavioural and electrophysiological changes caused by inorganic cadmium were investigated in the offspring of female Wistar rats. Dams were given 3.5, 7.0 or 14.0 mg kg(-1) cadmium (cadmium chloride dissolved in distilled water) in three different treatment regimes: days 5-15 of pregnancy; days 5-15 of pregnancy + 4 weeks of lactation; days 5-15 of pregnancy + 4 weeks of lactation followed by the same oral treatment of male rats of the F1 generation for 8 weeks. The behavioural (open-field exploration) and electrophysiological (electrocorticogram, cortical evoked potentials, conduction velocity and refractory periods of a peripheral nerve) parameters of F1 male rats exposed by various treatments were investigated at the age of 12 weeks. It was found that cadmium dose and treatment time dependently altered the spontaneous and evoked electrophysiological functions (e.g. increased the frequency of the electrocorticogram, lengthened the latency and duration of evoked potentials, etc.). Interestingly, only the combination of treatment during prenatal development and the 4-week suckling period resulted in a significant dose-dependent decrease of horizontal and vertical exploratory activity and a significantly lower exploration frequency of the open-field centre. The results showed that low-level pre- and postnatal inorganic cadmium exposure affects the bioelectrical and higher order functions of the nervous system. In the case of human populations, a similar prolonged exposure might be just as harmful.
在雌性Wistar大鼠的后代中研究了无机镉引起的行为和电生理变化。母鼠在三种不同的处理方案中分别给予3.5、7.0或14.0mg/kg(-1)镉（氯化镉溶于蒸馏水）：孕期第5至15天；孕期第5至15天+哺乳期4周；孕期第5至15天+哺乳期4周，随后对F1代雄性大鼠进行相同的口服处理8周。在12周龄时研究了经各种处理的F1代雄性大鼠的行为（旷场探索）和电生理参数（脑电图、皮层诱发电位、外周神经传导速度和不应期）。结果发现，镉剂量和处理时间依赖性地改变了自发和诱发的电生理功能（如增加脑电图频率、延长诱发电位的潜伏期和持续时间等）。有趣的是，只有产前发育期间的处理与4周哺乳期的联合处理导致水平和垂直探索活动显著剂量依赖性降低，以及旷场中心的探索频率显著降低。结果表明，产前和产后低水平无机镉暴露会影响神经系统的生物电和高级功能。对于人类群体而言，类似的长期暴露可能同样有害。
