Takahashi Y, Ichikawa S, Aihara Y, Yokota S
Department of Pediatrics, Yokohama City University School of Medicine.
Arerugi. 1998 Jan;47(1):26-33.
Hypersensitivity to buckwheat allergen frequently causes anaphylactic type reactions including urticaria, wheezing, dyspnea and/or shock. Though the susceptible pupil would be recommended to be careful for school lunch and picnic meals, the prevalence of buckwheat allergy in school children has not yet been elucidated. In this study, data on the children allergic to buckwheat were collected by sending questionnaire to 341 nurses in elementary school in Yokohama. Among the total subjects of this investigation, 92,680 children, the incidence of buckwheat allergy was determined 0.22% (140 boys and 54 girls). This percentage was not so low level besides the prevalence of such allergic diseases as bronchial asthma, atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis and food allergy was 5.6%, 4.2%, 3.1%, 1.6%, and 1.3%, respectively. Although a large majority of clinical symptoms of buckwheat allergy were urticaria (37.3%), skin itching (33.3%), and wheezing (26.5%). Four children (3.9%) experienced anaphylactic shock having a need of medical emergency treatment. The incidence of anaphylactic shock due to buckwheat was higher than those due to egg and milk allergy. Actually 7 pupil was provoked allergic reaction by buckwheat noodle served at school lunch, and 1 pupil at picnic meals. Thus, school children allergic to buckwheat is not rare, and it is important to withdraw buckwheat food from school lunch and picnic meals.
对荞麦过敏原过敏常引发过敏反应，包括荨麻疹、喘息、呼吸困难和/或休克。尽管建议易过敏的学生在学校午餐和野餐时小心，但荞麦过敏在学童中的患病率尚未明确。在本研究中，通过向横滨市小学的341名护士发放问卷，收集了对荞麦过敏儿童的数据。在此次调查的92,680名儿童总样本中，荞麦过敏的发生率为0.22%（140名男孩和54名女孩）。除了支气管哮喘、特应性皮炎、过敏性鼻炎、过敏性结膜炎和食物过敏等过敏性疾病的患病率分别为5.6%、4.2%、3.1%、1.6%和1.3%外，这个百分比不算很低。尽管荞麦过敏的大多数临床症状是荨麻疹（37.3%）、皮肤瘙痒（33.3%）和喘息（26.5%）。4名儿童（3.9%）经历了过敏性休克，需要紧急医疗救治。荞麦引起的过敏性休克发生率高于鸡蛋和牛奶过敏引起的。实际上，7名学生在学校午餐时因食用荞麦面引发过敏反应，1名学生在野餐时出现过敏反应。因此，对荞麦过敏的学童并不罕见，从学校午餐和野餐中撤掉荞麦食品很重要。
