Flaskerud J H, Winslow B J
UCLA School of Nursing, USA.
Nurs Res. 1998 Mar-Apr;47(2):69-78. doi: 10.1097/00006199-199803000-00005.
A conceptual model for vulnerable populations research relates resource availability and relative risk to health status. The model has a population-based focus that places responsibility for the collective health status of its citizens with the community. Vulnerable populations are social groups who experience limited resources and consequent high relative risk for morbidity and premature mortality. There is considerable research evidence to support the major relationships in the model. Conceptual links that need additional research are identified.
The implications for research include a variety of methodological problems related to recruiting and retaining participants, instrumentation, and data collection. Research designs are needed that move beyond descriptive and epidemiological approaches to interventional and outcome studies. Ethical considerations take on special significance with vulnerable populations.
弱势群体研究的概念模型将资源可用性和相对风险与健康状况联系起来。该模型以人群为基础，将公民集体健康状况的责任赋予社区。弱势群体是那些资源有限、因此发病和过早死亡相对风险较高的社会群体。有大量研究证据支持该模型中的主要关系。已确定了需要进一步研究的概念联系。
对研究的启示包括与招募和留住参与者、测量工具和数据收集相关的各种方法学问题。需要超越描述性和流行病学方法的研究设计，转向干预性和结果性研究。伦理考量在弱势群体研究中具有特殊意义。
