Bohlmann J, Meyer-Gauen G, Croteau R
Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6340, USA.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Apr 14;95(8):4126-33. doi: 10.1073/pnas.95.8.4126.
This review focuses on the monoterpene, sesquiterpene, and diterpene synthases of plant origin that use the corresponding C10, C15, and C20 prenyl diphosphates as substrates to generate the enormous diversity of carbon skeletons characteristic of the terpenoid family of natural products. A description of the enzymology and mechanism of terpenoid cyclization is followed by a discussion of molecular cloning and heterologous expression of terpenoid synthases. Sequence relatedness and phylogenetic reconstruction, based on 33 members of the Tps gene family, are delineated, and comparison of important structural features of these enzymes is provided. The review concludes with an overview of the organization and regulation of terpenoid metabolism, and of the biotechnological applications of terpenoid synthase genes.
本综述聚焦于植物来源的单萜、倍半萜和二萜合酶，这些酶以相应的C10、C15和C20异戊二烯基二磷酸为底物，生成萜类天然产物家族特有的极为多样的碳骨架。在描述萜类环化的酶学和机制之后，讨论了萜类合酶的分子克隆和异源表达。基于Tps基因家族的33个成员，描绘了序列相关性和系统发育重建，并对这些酶的重要结构特征进行了比较。综述最后概述了萜类代谢的组织和调控，以及萜类合酶基因的生物技术应用。
