Jonas S, Vogl T J, Schwarz W, Neuhaus P
Chirurgische Klinik, Virchow-Klinikum der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
Ther Umsch. 1998 Feb;55(2):120-6.
Hemangioma, focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) and hepatocellular adenoma represent the most common and clinically relevant benign liver tumors. Improved diagnostic imaging procedures as well as the broad use of oral contraceptives resulted in an increased detection rate during the past 25 years. Focal liver diseases are primarily diagnosed by ultrasonography, while a specific diagnosis can be established by contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Hepatocellular adenomas should be resected, since they bear the potential of a malignant transformation as well as the risk of rupture and intraperitoneal hemorrhage. Conversely, a conservative approach is advocated for hemangioma and FNH. However, surgical procedures may be justified when a mass becomes symptomatic, and should be applied liberally when the diagnosis remains uncertain.
血管瘤、局灶性结节性增生（FNH）和肝细胞腺瘤是最常见且具有临床相关性的肝脏良性肿瘤。在过去25年中，诊断性成像技术的改进以及口服避孕药的广泛使用导致了这些肿瘤检出率的增加。肝脏局灶性疾病主要通过超声检查进行诊断，而通过对比增强磁共振成像可做出明确诊断。肝细胞腺瘤应行手术切除，因为它们有恶变的可能以及破裂和腹腔内出血的风险。相反，对于血管瘤和FNH则主张采取保守治疗方法。然而，当肿块出现症状时，手术治疗可能是合理的，并且当诊断仍不确定时应酌情采用手术治疗。
