Schmidt L G, Harms H, Kuhn S, Rommelspacher H, Sander T
Department of Psychiatry, Benjamin Franklin University Hospital, Free University of Berlin, Germany.
Am J Psychiatry. 1998 Apr;155(4):474-8. doi: 10.1176/ajp.155.4.474.
Determinants of individual vulnerability to alcohol withdrawal symptoms are largely unknown. Because of the substantial role of monoaminergic transporters in limiting time and space effects of synaptic neurotransmission, the dopamine transporter gene (DAT1; locus symbol: SLC6A3) was studied as a candidate gene possibly related to symptoms of uncomplicated alcohol withdrawal.
In 48 chronically intoxicated alcoholics (diagnosed according to ICD-10), withdrawal symptoms were examined and the presence of a variable-number tandem repeat in the 3' untranslated region of the DAT1 gene was determined.
Withdrawal syndromes were more pronounced in the 22 patients carrying the nine-copy repeat than in the 26 patients without this variant. Multiple regression analysis revealed that 4% of the variance of withdrawal was explained by this genotype, whereas 16% was due to the amount of alcohol the patients reported having consumed in the month before detoxification.
The A9 allele of the dopamine transporter gene is associated with more severe effects of alcohol withdrawal, possibly because of modifications of the brain's capacity to compensate for long-term effects of ethanol on cerebral function.
个体对酒精戒断症状易感性的决定因素在很大程度上尚不清楚。由于单胺能转运体在限制突触神经传递的时间和空间效应方面发挥着重要作用，因此对多巴胺转运体基因（DAT1；基因座符号：SLC6A3）作为可能与单纯酒精戒断症状相关的候选基因进行了研究。
对48名慢性酒精中毒患者（根据ICD - 10诊断）进行戒断症状检查，并确定DAT1基因3'非翻译区可变数目串联重复序列的存在情况。
携带九拷贝重复序列的22名患者的戒断综合征比没有该变异的26名患者更明显。多元回归分析显示，这种基因型解释了戒断变异的4%，而16%归因于患者报告在解毒前一个月饮用的酒精量。
多巴胺转运体基因的A9等位基因与酒精戒断的更严重影响相关，这可能是由于大脑补偿乙醇对脑功能长期影响的能力发生了改变。
