Cassell J
University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton.
J Med Ethics. 1998 Feb;24(1):8-12; discussion 13-7. doi: 10.1136/jme.24.1.8.
In a controversial paper, David Seedhouse argues that medical ethics is not and cannot be a distinct discipline with it own field of study. He derives this claim from a characterization of ethics, which he states but does not defend. He claims further that the project of medical ethics as it exists and of moral philosophy do not overlap. I show that Seedhouse's views on ethics have wide implications which he does not declare, and in the light of this argue that Seedhouse owes us a defence of his characterization of ethics. Further, I show that his characterization of ethics, which he uses to attack medical ethics, is a committed position within moral philosophy. As a consequence of this, it does not allow the relation between moral philosophy and medical ethics to be discussed without prejudice to its outcome. Finally, I explore the relation between Seedhouse's position and naturalism, and its implications for medical epistemology. I argue that this shows us that Seedhouse's position, if it can be defended, is likely to lead to a fruitful and important line of inquiry which reconnects philosophy and medical ethics.
在一篇颇具争议的论文中,大卫·西兹豪斯认为医学伦理学并非且不可能成为一门拥有自身研究领域的独立学科。他从对伦理学的一种描述中得出这一主张,不过他只是陈述了该描述,并未为之辩护。他进一步声称,现存的医学伦理学项目与道德哲学并无重叠之处。我指出,西兹豪斯关于伦理学的观点有着他未阐明的广泛影响,鉴于此,我认为西兹豪斯有必要为其对伦理学的描述进行辩护。此外,我表明他用于抨击医学伦理学的对伦理学的描述,是道德哲学中的一种既定立场。因此,若不偏袒其结果,就无法讨论道德哲学与医学伦理学之间的关系。最后,我探究了西兹豪斯的立场与自然主义之间的关系及其对医学认识论的影响。我认为这向我们表明,西兹豪斯的立场若能得到辩护,很可能会引领出一条富有成效且重要的探究路线,使哲学与医学伦理学重新建立联系。