Aarnink R G, Beerlage H P, De La Rosette J J, Debruyne F M, Wijkstra H
Department of Urology, University Hospital Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
J Urol. 1998 May;159(5):1568-79. doi: 10.1097/00005392-199805000-00045.
We present a critical evaluation of the use of ultrasound for prostate disease examination in urological practice, and provide perspectives on ultrasound applications that may become important for the future evaluation of prostate problems.
Based on an evaluation of clinical data in cases suspicious for prostatic malignancy, we addressed the apparent shortcomings of transrectal ultrasound for accurately diagnosing prostate cancer. Future applications presented in the literature were noted.
Evaluating the ultrasound data in cases suspicious for malignancy indicated that imaging has little advantage over digital rectal examination for detecting malignant areas. The new applications of ultrasound that hold great promise for use in the urology clinic include the injection of contrast agents to obtain information on blood supply, temperature estimation for the noninvasive assessment of temperature distributions during heat treatment and a therapeutic application for local treatment of prostate cancer.
While differential diagnosis with ultrasound appears to result in disappointing sensitivity and specificity values, its use in volume measurement and biopsy guidance is unquestioned. The development of new applications may improve the clinical value of ultrasound in urological practice. The application of ultrasound contrast agents for the detection and clinical staging of prostate cancer is especially promising. Future research will indicate whether the promise evolves in clinical applications.
我们对超声在泌尿外科实践中用于前列腺疾病检查进行批判性评估，并就超声应用可能对未来前列腺问题评估具有重要意义提供观点。
基于对疑似前列腺恶性肿瘤病例临床数据的评估，我们探讨了经直肠超声在准确诊断前列腺癌方面明显存在的不足。记录了文献中提出的未来应用。
对疑似恶性肿瘤病例的超声数据评估表明，在检测恶性区域方面，影像学检查相对于直肠指检优势不大。超声在泌尿外科诊所具有广阔应用前景的新应用包括注射造影剂以获取血液供应信息、估计温度以在热处理期间进行温度分布的无创评估以及用于前列腺癌局部治疗的治疗应用。
虽然超声鉴别诊断的敏感性和特异性值似乎令人失望，但其在体积测量和活检引导中的应用是毋庸置疑的。新应用的开发可能会提高超声在泌尿外科实践中的临床价值。超声造影剂在前列腺癌检测和临床分期中的应用尤其具有前景。未来研究将表明这种前景是否会在临床应用中得以实现。
