Ionescu M D, Ionescu A D, Hristescu S, Ionescu M, Orăsanu M, Coman N
Cantacuzino Institute, Bucharest, Romania.
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol. 1997 Jan-Jun;56(1-2):77-96.
In the present study, mammalian VERO cells, human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) and mouse peritoneal macrophages (MPM) were coincubated with B31 Borrelia burgdorferi strain (Bb) and examined by transmission electron microscopy. The results indicate that the spirochete adheres to the mammalian cells mainly by the apical pole and less frequently by the lateral wall. In VERO cells and MPM cell penetration is accomplished especially by cytoplasmic membrane destruction, the spirochete appearing free in the cytoplasm, but also by phagocytosis. In this latter case the pathogen is seen in phagosome. In PMN the internalization takes place exclusively by phagocytosis, the spirochete undergoing destruction in phagosomes. Sometimes an alteration of the phagosomal membrane is observable, probably produced by the pathogen as a mechanism to avoid fusion with the lysosome. Other aspects indicate the contribution of the parasitized cell cytoskeleton to the spreading of Borrelia to adjacent cells. MPM does not represent a very efficient barrier against Bb, as can be seen from the cellular behaviour of the spirochetes in this study, PMN seems to a more efficient barrier, by its unique capacity to destroy the microorganism after phagocytosis.
在本研究中，将哺乳动物VERO细胞、人多形核白细胞（PMN）和小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞（MPM）与B31伯氏疏螺旋体菌株（Bb）共同孵育，并通过透射电子显微镜进行检查。结果表明，螺旋体主要通过顶端极附着于哺乳动物细胞，通过侧壁附着的情况较少。在VERO细胞和MPM细胞中，穿透尤其通过细胞质膜破坏来完成，螺旋体在细胞质中呈游离状态，但也通过吞噬作用。在后一种情况下，病原体可见于吞噬体中。在PMN中，内化仅通过吞噬作用发生，螺旋体在吞噬体内被破坏。有时可观察到吞噬体膜的改变，可能是由病原体产生的一种避免与溶酶体融合的机制。其他方面表明，被寄生细胞的细胞骨架有助于伯氏疏螺旋体向相邻细胞扩散。从本研究中螺旋体的细胞行为可以看出，MPM对Bb并不构成非常有效的屏障，PMN似乎是一个更有效的屏障，因为它具有吞噬后破坏微生物的独特能力。
