Van R L, Bayliss C E, Roncari D A
J Clin Invest. 1976 Sep;58(3):699-704. doi: 10.1172/JCI108516.
Cell strains were derived from the stromal-vascular fraction of human omental adipose tissue and grown in culture. Since the purpose of this study was to isolate adipocyte precursors from adults, the cells were obtained from nonobese patients 40-60 yr of age. After treatment of adipose tissue with collagenase, mature adipocytes were separated from stromal-vascular fraction cells, and cell strains of the latter replicated in culture with a doubling time of 40-60 h. They were initially fusiform; upon reaching monolayer confluency, they accumulated lipid and became rounder. Skin fibroblasts from the same patients and grown under the same culture conditions remained fusiform and did not accumulate lipid. The stromal-vascular fraction cells of adipose tissue may be fibroblasts with the potential to become adipocyte precursors. Subcellular preparations of the cells grown from the stromal-vascular fraction revealed lipoprotein lipase activity (characterized by such properties as inhibition by 1 M NaCl) that was not detectable in skin fibroblasts. The overall specific activity of the enzymes that catalyze triglyceride synthesis was 15 times higher and that of fatty acid synthetase was 2 times higher in the cells cultured from the stromal-vascular fraction. The difference was significant in each case. Conversely, when isolated mature adipocytes were cultured, they lost considerable lipid and acquired morphological characteristics similar to those of stromal-vascular fraction cells. Thus, adipose tissue stromal-vascular fraction cells acquire in culture many of the morphological and enzymological characteristics of mature fat cells.
细胞系源自人网膜脂肪组织的基质血管部分，并在培养中生长。由于本研究的目的是从成年人中分离脂肪细胞前体，因此细胞取自40至60岁的非肥胖患者。用胶原酶处理脂肪组织后，成熟脂肪细胞与基质血管部分细胞分离，后者的细胞系在培养中复制，倍增时间为40至60小时。它们最初呈梭形；达到单层汇合后，它们积累脂质并变得更圆。来自相同患者并在相同培养条件下生长的皮肤成纤维细胞保持梭形且不积累脂质。脂肪组织的基质血管部分细胞可能是具有成为脂肪细胞前体潜力的成纤维细胞。从基质血管部分生长的细胞的亚细胞制剂显示出脂蛋白脂肪酶活性（其特征在于被1 M NaCl抑制等特性），而在皮肤成纤维细胞中未检测到这种活性。在从基质血管部分培养的细胞中，催化甘油三酯合成的酶的总体比活性高15倍，脂肪酸合成酶的比活性高2倍。在每种情况下差异都很显著。相反，当分离的成熟脂肪细胞进行培养时，它们失去了大量脂质并获得了与基质血管部分细胞相似的形态特征。因此，脂肪组织基质血管部分细胞在培养中获得了成熟脂肪细胞的许多形态和酶学特征。
