Washburn D A, Astur R S
Sonny Carter Life Sciences Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta 30303, USA.
Mem Cognit. 1998 Mar;26(2):277-86. doi: 10.3758/bf03201139.
Investigations of working memory tend to focus on the retention of verbal information. The present experiments were designed to characterize the active maintenance rehearsal process used in the retention of visuospatial information. Rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta; N = 6) were tested as well as humans (total N = 90) because these nonhuman primates have excellent visual working memory but, unlike humans, cannot verbally recode the stimuli to employ verbal rehearsal mechanisms. A series of experiments was conducted using a distractor-task paradigm, a directed forgetting procedure, and a dual-task paradigm. No evidence was found for an active maintenance process for either species. Rather, it appears that information is maintained in the visuospatial sketchpad without active rehearsal.
对工作记忆的研究往往集中在言语信息的保持上。本实验旨在描述用于保持视觉空间信息的主动维持复述过程。对恒河猴（猕猴属；N = 6）和人类（总共N = 90）进行了测试，因为这些非人类灵长类动物具有出色的视觉工作记忆，但与人类不同的是，它们不能对刺激进行言语重新编码以采用言语复述机制。使用分心任务范式、定向遗忘程序和双任务范式进行了一系列实验。未发现任何一个物种存在主动维持过程的证据。相反，信息似乎是在视觉空间画板中得以保持，而无需主动复述。
