Bednarek F J, Roloff D W
Pediatrics. 1976 Sep;58(3):335-9.
The effectiveness of aminophylline in the treatment of apnea of prematurity was evaluated in 13 premature infants (mean birthweight, 1.13 kg; mean gestational age, 29 weeks). Apnea was recorded by direct observation in combination with impedance monitoring. Rectal suppositories of aminophylline (5 mg) were given at six-hour intervals. The average dose was 4.1 mg/kg. No toxicity or complications were noted. The parents became free of apneic episodes during therapy. The response for each eight-hour interval of treatment over 72 hours when compared to pretreatment was significant (P less than .01; paired t-test), after the first eight hours. Only one patient required mechanical ventilation for apnea. Treatment was continued for 2 to 14 days (mean, 5 days). A recurrence of apnea was noted in nine patients after discontinuing aminophylline. All patients except one survived. No change in Po2, Pco2, pH, mean heart and respiratory rates, and blood pressure was noted. A direct effect on the respiratory center is postulated.
对13例早产儿（平均出生体重1.13kg；平均胎龄29周）评估了氨茶碱治疗早产儿呼吸暂停的疗效。通过直接观察结合阻抗监测记录呼吸暂停情况。每6小时给予氨茶碱直肠栓剂（5mg）。平均剂量为4.1mg/kg。未观察到毒性或并发症。治疗期间患儿父母未出现呼吸暂停发作。与治疗前相比，治疗72小时内每8小时的反应在开始8小时后有显著差异（P<0.01；配对t检验）。仅1例患儿因呼吸暂停需要机械通气。治疗持续2至14天（平均5天）。停用氨茶碱后，9例患儿出现呼吸暂停复发。除1例患儿外，所有患儿均存活。未观察到氧分压、二氧化碳分压、pH值、平均心率、呼吸频率和血压的变化。推测其对呼吸中枢有直接作用。
