Konttinen N, Lyytinen H, Viitasalo J
Research Institute for Olympic Sports, Jyväskylä, Finland.
J Sports Sci. 1998 Apr;16(3):235-42. doi: 10.1080/026404198366759.
In this study, we examined the relationship between preparatory heart rate patterns and competitive shooting performance. Cardiac activity was recorded from six elite and six non-elite male rifle shooters during the 6 s before the trigger pull. The assessment of shooting performance was based on three variables: shooting score, rifle stability and electromyographic (EMG) activity in the upper body. Each shooter showed a decrease in the pre-trigger heart rate that did not covary with the shooting scores. The magnitude of this change was greater for the non-elite shooters compared to the elite shooters, suggesting that the heart rate patterns reflected skill-related aspects of preparatory performance. The analyses of rifle-hold performance (rifle stability and EMG) suggested that the observed heart rate changes were associated with a shooter's attempts to achieve a rigid rifle position, but depend on his skill level. Interpretation of preparatory heart rate patterns in competitive rifle shooting should not be based solely on the attentional focusing aspect, but should also take into account the effects of a shooter's psychomotor regulation.
在本研究中，我们考察了准备阶段心率模式与竞技射击表现之间的关系。在扳机扣动前6秒，记录了6名精英男性步枪射手和6名非精英男性步枪射手的心脏活动。射击表现的评估基于三个变量：射击得分、步枪稳定性和上半身的肌电图（EMG）活动。每位射手在扳机扣动前心率均下降，且与射击得分无关。与精英射手相比，非精英射手心率变化的幅度更大，这表明心率模式反映了准备阶段表现中与技能相关的方面。对持枪表现（步枪稳定性和肌电图）的分析表明，观察到的心率变化与射手试图达到稳定步枪姿势有关，但取决于其技能水平。竞技步枪射击中准备阶段心率模式的解读不应仅基于注意力集中方面，还应考虑射手心理运动调节的影响。
