Talvi A I, Järvisalo J O, Knuts L R, Kaitaniemi P R
Social Insurance Institution, Research and Development Centre, Finland.
Occup Med (Lond). 1998 Jan;48(1):45-53. doi: 10.1093/occmed/48.1.45.
This report describes the screening procedure used in the assessment of health promotion needs in a group of oil refinery employees (n = 885). The aim of the study was to assess the life-style related health promotion needs before initiating an intervention programme study. The frequency of different health promotion needs and their distribution according to age, gender and employee group were examined, as well as the factors explaining different health promotion needs. The assessment was based on laboratory tests and questionnaires covering the target areas of physical activity and fitness, dietary habits, overweight, blood pressure, serum lipids, smoking, alcohol consumption, sleep, mental health, and musculoskeletal symptoms. Life-style related health promotion needs were frequent. Self-assessed health was strongly associated with health promotion needs in most of the ten target areas and also with the total number per person of areas with health promotion needs. Health promotion needs were also associated with such demographic variables as age, gender, basic education, and vocational training. If health promotion activities are provided to employees in a company, assessment of individual needs is necessary to find the employees with the greatest need of health promotion actions. This study presents one method of screening, although certain simplification is needed to make it fit into the daily routines. The contents of health promotion activities could also vary according to the differences related to age and gender observed in health promotion needs of the target population.
本报告描述了在一组炼油厂员工（n = 885）中进行健康促进需求评估时所采用的筛查程序。该研究的目的是在启动一项干预计划研究之前，评估与生活方式相关的健康促进需求。研究考察了不同健康促进需求的频率及其按年龄、性别和员工群体的分布情况，以及解释不同健康促进需求的因素。评估基于实验室测试和问卷，内容涵盖身体活动与健身、饮食习惯、超重、血压、血脂、吸烟、饮酒、睡眠、心理健康以及肌肉骨骼症状等目标领域。与生活方式相关的健康促进需求很常见。在十个目标领域中的大多数领域，自我评估的健康状况与健康促进需求密切相关，并且也与每人存在健康促进需求的领域总数相关。健康促进需求还与年龄、性别、基础教育和职业培训等人口统计学变量相关。如果要向公司员工提供健康促进活动，就有必要评估个体需求，以找出最需要健康促进行动的员工。本研究提出了一种筛查方法，不过需要进行一定简化以使其适用于日常工作。健康促进活动的内容也可根据在目标人群的健康促进需求中观察到的年龄和性别差异而有所不同。
