Hublin C, Kaprio J, Partinen M, Koskenvuo M
Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Haaga Neurological Research Centre, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland.
J Sleep Res. 1998 Mar;7(1):61-7. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2869.1998.00091.x.
The relative roles of genetic and environmental factors in bruxism are not known. In 1990 a questionnaire sent to the Finnish Twin Cohort yielded responses from 1298 monozygotic and 2419 dizygotic twin pairs aged 33-60 years. We used structural equation modelling to estimate genetic and environmental components of variance in the liability to bruxism. There was a significant gender difference both in childhood (P = 0.001) and adult (P = 0.007) bruxism. Females compared to males reported childhood bruxism 'often' 5.2% vs 4.1% and 'sometimes' 17.4% vs 17.3%, and as adults 'weekly' 3.7% vs 3.8% and 'monthly' 3.9% vs 4.6%, respectively. Bruxism in childhood and adulthood is highly correlated (0.86 in males and 0.87 in females). The proportion of total phenotypic variance in liability to bruxism attributed to genetic influences in childhood bruxism was 49% (95% CI 37-60%) in males and 64% (55-71%) in females, and for adults 39% (27-50%) among males and 53% (44-62%) among females. The correlation between the genetic effects on childhood bruxism and the genetic effects on adult bruxism was estimated in a bivariate model to be 0.95 (95% CI 0.94-0.96) in males and 0.89 (0.88-0.90) in females. Bruxism appears to be quite a persistent trait. There are substantial genetic effects on bruxism both in childhood and as adults, which appear to be highly correlated.
磨牙症中遗传因素和环境因素的相对作用尚不清楚。1990年，一份发给芬兰双胞胎队列的问卷得到了1298对33至60岁同卵双胞胎和2419对异卵双胞胎的回复。我们使用结构方程模型来估计磨牙症易感性中方差的遗传和环境成分。儿童期（P = 0.001）和成年期（P = 0.007）磨牙症均存在显著的性别差异。与男性相比，女性报告儿童期“经常”磨牙的比例为5.2%对4.1%，“有时”磨牙的比例为17.4%对17.3%；成年后“每周”磨牙的比例为3.7%对3.8%，“每月”磨牙的比例为3.9%对4.6%。儿童期和成年期的磨牙症高度相关（男性为0.86，女性为0.87）。在儿童期磨牙症易感性中，归因于遗传影响的总表型方差比例在男性中为49%（95%CI 37 - 60%），在女性中为64%（55 - 71%）；对于成年人，男性为39%（27 - 50%），女性为53%（44 - 62%）。在一个双变量模型中，估计儿童期磨牙症的遗传效应与成年期磨牙症的遗传效应之间的相关性在男性中为0.95（95%CI 0.94 - 0.96），在女性中为0.89（0.88 - 0.90）。磨牙症似乎是一种相当持久的特征。儿童期和成年期磨牙症都存在显著的遗传效应，且这些效应似乎高度相关。
