Hampton M D, Ward L R, Rowe B, Threlfall E J
Central Public Health Laboratory, London, United Kingdom.
Emerg Infect Dis. 1998 Apr-Jun;4(2):317-20. doi: 10.3201/eid0402.980223.
For epidemiologic investigations, the primary subdivision of Salmonella Typhi is vi-phage typing; 106 Vi-phage types are defined. For multidrug-resistant strains the most common types have been M1 (Pakistan) and E1 (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and the Arabian Gulf); a strain untypable with the Vi phages has been responsible for a major epidemic in Tajikistan. Most often, isolates from the Indian subcontinent have been resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, and trimethoprim; but in the 1997 Tajikistan outbreak, the epidemic strain was also resistant to ciprofloxacin. For multidrug-resistant strains, subdivision within phage type can be achieved by plasmid profile typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.
在流行病学调查中，伤寒沙门氏菌的主要细分方法是Vi噬菌体分型；共定义了106种Vi噬菌体类型。对于多重耐药菌株，最常见的类型是M1型（巴基斯坦）和E1型（印度、巴基斯坦、孟加拉国和阿拉伯湾）；一种无法用Vi噬菌体分型的菌株曾在塔吉克斯坦引发大规模疫情。通常，来自印度次大陆的分离株对氨苄西林、氯霉素、链霉素、磺胺类药物、四环素和甲氧苄啶耐药；但在1997年塔吉克斯坦疫情中，流行菌株还对环丙沙星耐药。对于多重耐药菌株，可通过质粒图谱分型和脉冲场凝胶电泳在噬菌体类型内进一步细分。
