Hanashiro K, Tamaki N, Kosugi T, Kakazu T, Kaneshima H, Saito A
First Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus.
Arerugi. 1998 Apr;47(4):434-48.
The correlation between the outbreaks of asthma attack and meterologic parameters was analyzed in Okinawa island which belongs to the subtropics. The epidemiologic outbreaks of asthma was investigated for 2 years from the asthma diaries described by 27 patients. The severity of asthma attack was expressed as the asthma score on the basis of asthma diaries. The number of patients carried to hospitals by ambulance on asthma attacks was investigated for 3 years. Two-by-two contingency tables were computed for the meteorologic parameters and analyzed with the method of chi-square test. From the view point of asthma scores, the total scores of 27 patients were increased when a mean and a minimum temperature were respectively higher than each mean value in the period of investigation (p < 0.05, respectively). From the view point of the number of patients carried to hospitals by ambulance on asthma attacks, it was suggested that asthma attacks tended to occur when a mean, a maximum and a minimum temperature, and a vapor pressure were lower than each mean value (p = 0.0001, p = 0.0001, p = 0.0001, p = 0.0002), and a barometric pressure was higher than a mean value in the period of investigation (p = 0.0016). From the further analysis of these data by multiple regression analysis, it was suggested that the number of patients carried to hospitals by ambulance on asthma attacks was influenced by low temperature. In addition, it was suggested that the changes of meteorologic parameters on the passing over of typhoon, especially, the decrease of temperature and barometric pressure, were related to induce asthma attacks.
在属于亚热带的冲绳岛分析了哮喘发作与气象参数之间的相关性。通过27名患者记录的哮喘日记对哮喘的流行病学发作情况进行了为期2年的调查。根据哮喘日记，将哮喘发作的严重程度表示为哮喘评分。对3年中因哮喘发作而由救护车送往医院的患者人数进行了调查。计算了气象参数的二乘二列联表，并采用卡方检验方法进行分析。从哮喘评分的角度来看，当调查期间的平均气温和最低气温分别高于各自的平均值时，27名患者的总评分增加（p分别<0.05）。从因哮喘发作而由救护车送往医院的患者人数的角度来看，提示当平均气温、最高气温和最低气温以及水汽压低于各自的平均值（p = 0.0001、p = 0.0001、p = 0.0001、p = 0.0002），且调查期间的气压高于平均值（p = 0.0016）时，哮喘发作倾向于发生。通过多元回归分析对这些数据进行进一步分析表明，因哮喘发作而由救护车送往医院的患者人数受低温影响。此外，提示台风过境时气象参数的变化，尤其是气温和气压的下降，与诱发哮喘发作有关。
