Glaser R, Kiecolt-Glaser J K, Malarkey W B, Sheridan J F
Department of Medical Microbiology, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus 43210, USA.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1998 May 1;840:649-55. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb09603.x.
We compared virus-specific antibody and T-cell responses to influenza virus vaccination in 32 caregivers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and matched control subjects. Caregivers showed a poorer antibody response and virus-specific T-cell response following vaccination compared to the control subjects as measured by fourfold increases in antibody titers to the vaccine and lower levels of virus-induced IL-2 levels in vitro. We performed a second study in which forty-eight medical students were inoculated with a series of three injections of the hepatitis-B (HEP-B) vaccine to coincide with the third day of three, three-day examination blocks. Twelve of the 48 medical students seroconverted after the first injection; these students were characterized by falling into the lower stressed/lower anxiety group of students. Students who reported greater social support and lower anxiety and stress demonstrated a higher antibody response to the vaccine and a more vigorous T-cell response to HEP-B surface antigen at the end of the third examination experience. The differences in antibody and T-cell responses to HEP-B and influenza virus vaccinations provide a demonstration of how stress may be able to alter both the cellular and humoral immune responses to vaccines and novel pathogens in both younger and older adults.
我们比较了32名阿尔茨海默病（AD）患者的照料者及相匹配的对照者对流感病毒疫苗接种的病毒特异性抗体和T细胞反应。通过疫苗抗体滴度四倍增长以及体外病毒诱导的白细胞介素-2水平降低来衡量，与对照者相比，照料者在接种疫苗后抗体反应和病毒特异性T细胞反应较差。我们进行了第二项研究，48名医学生在三个为期三天的考试阶段的第三天分别接种了三次乙肝（HEP-B）疫苗。48名医学生中有12名在首次注射后血清转化；这些学生的特点是属于压力较低/焦虑较低的学生群体。报告有更多社会支持以及焦虑和压力较低的学生在第三次考试结束时对疫苗的抗体反应更高，对乙肝表面抗原的T细胞反应更强烈。对乙肝和流感病毒疫苗接种的抗体和T细胞反应差异表明，压力可能会改变年轻人和老年人对疫苗及新型病原体的细胞免疫和体液免疫反应。
