Dougherty T J, Gomer C J, Henderson B W, Jori G, Kessel D, Korbelik M, Moan J, Peng Q
Photodynamic Therapy Center, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA.
J Natl Cancer Inst. 1998 Jun 17;90(12):889-905. doi: 10.1093/jnci/90.12.889.
Photodynamic therapy involves administration of a tumor-localizing photosensitizing agent, which may require metabolic synthesis (i.e., a prodrug), followed by activation of the agent by light of a specific wavelength. This therapy results in a sequence of photochemical and photobiologic processes that cause irreversible photodamage to tumor tissues. Results from preclinical and clinical studies conducted worldwide over a 25-year period have established photodynamic therapy as a useful treatment approach for some cancers. Since 1993, regulatory approval for photodynamic therapy involving use of a partially purified, commercially available hematoporphyrin derivative compound (Photofrin) in patients with early and advanced stage cancer of the lung, digestive tract, and genitourinary tract has been obtained in Canada, The Netherlands, France, Germany, Japan, and the United States. We have attempted to conduct and present a comprehensive review of this rapidly expanding field. Mechanisms of subcellular and tumor localization of photosensitizing agents, as well as of molecular, cellular, and tumor responses associated with photodynamic therapy, are discussed. Technical issues regarding light dosimetry are also considered.
光动力疗法包括给予一种肿瘤定位光敏剂，该光敏剂可能需要代谢合成（即前体药物），然后通过特定波长的光激活该剂。这种疗法会引发一系列光化学和光生物学过程，从而对肿瘤组织造成不可逆的光损伤。在25年的时间里，全球范围内进行的临床前和临床研究结果已将光动力疗法确立为某些癌症的一种有效治疗方法。自1993年以来，在加拿大、荷兰、法国、德国、日本和美国，已获得了涉及使用部分纯化的、市售血卟啉衍生物化合物（光卟啉）对早期和晚期肺癌、消化道癌和泌尿生殖道癌患者进行光动力疗法的监管批准。我们试图对这个迅速发展的领域进行全面综述。讨论了光敏剂在亚细胞和肿瘤中的定位机制，以及与光动力疗法相关的分子、细胞和肿瘤反应。还考虑了与光剂量测定有关的技术问题。
