Walker P L, Cook D C
Department of Anthropology, University of California, Santa Barbara 93106, USA.
Am J Phys Anthropol. 1998 Jun;106(2):255-9. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-8644(199806)106:2<255::AID-AJPA11>3.0.CO;2-#.
The distinction prevalent in the social sciences between the terms sex and gender is a useful one and ought to be preserved. Sex refers to the anatomical or chromosomal categories of male and female. Gender refers to socially constructed roles that are related to sex distinctions. Use of these terms as synonyms is becoming increasingly frequent in physical anthropology, especially among bioarchaeologists and primatologists. A failure to make the distinction between gender and sex is analytically incapacitating in a field such as physical anthropology, whose strength lies in the integration of biological and cultural information.
社会科学中普遍存在的“性”与“性别”这两个术语的区分是有益的，应该予以保留。“性”指的是男性和女性的解剖学或染色体类别。“性别”指的是与性别差异相关的社会建构角色。在体质人类学中，尤其是在生物考古学家和灵长类动物学家中，将这些术语用作同义词的情况越来越频繁。在体质人类学这样一个依赖生物信息与文化信息整合的领域，如果不区分性别和性，就会在分析上陷入困境。
