Pleshakova O V, Kutsyi M P, Sukharev S A, Sadovnikov V B, Gaziev A I
Branch of M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region.
Mech Ageing Dev. 1998 Jun 1;103(1):45-55. doi: 10.1016/s0047-6374(98)00012-8.
Age- and gamma-irradiation-dependent accumulation of oxidatively modified proteins (measured as carbonyl level) was studied in cytoplasm, mitochondria and nuclei isolated from spleen and liver of 4- and 26-month-old rats. The protein carbonyl levels significantly increased with age in all fractions studied. The carbonyl content was found to be two times higher in the nuclei than in the mitochondria and cytoplasm, which may be related to an extensive modification of lysine and arginine residues in histone molecules. Gamma-Irradiation of rats with 10 Gy caused a rise of protein carbonyls only in their cytoplasm and mitochondria, which was prevented in the animals fed with antioxidants and vitamins for a month before the irradiation. We observed an activation of histone-specific proteases in the nuclei of gamma-irradiated rats. The lack of carbonyl accumulation in the nuclear proteins isolated from tissues of gamma-irradiated animals may be explained by the degradation of oxidized histones by these proteases.
研究了4月龄和26月龄大鼠脾脏和肝脏分离出的细胞质、线粒体和细胞核中，与年龄和γ辐射相关的氧化修饰蛋白积累情况（以羰基水平衡量）。在所研究的所有组分中，蛋白质羰基水平均随年龄显著增加。发现细胞核中的羰基含量比线粒体和细胞质中的高两倍，这可能与组蛋白分子中赖氨酸和精氨酸残基的广泛修饰有关。用10 Gy对大鼠进行γ辐射仅导致其细胞质和线粒体中蛋白质羰基含量升高，而在辐射前一个月喂食抗氧化剂和维生素的动物中这种升高得到了预防。我们观察到γ辐射大鼠的细胞核中组蛋白特异性蛋白酶被激活。从γ辐射动物组织中分离出的核蛋白中缺乏羰基积累，可能是由于这些蛋白酶对氧化组蛋白的降解所致。
