Byrd M E
Department of Nursing, Rhode Island College, Providence 02908-1991, USA.
Public Health Nurs. 1998 Aug;15(4):235-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1525-1446.1998.tb00345.x.
Families with children with special needs, with acutely and chronically ill children, and with foster children comprise an increasing portion of many public health nurses' caseloads. The nursing processes during maternal-child home visiting have not been identified and variations in these processes, as well as their attendant outcomes, across client populations have not been described. The aim of this study was to describe the process of home visiting, as it was enacted by an experienced nurse, and to identify potential influencing factors and attendant consequences. During this field research investigation, one nurse in a visiting nurse association in rural New England was observed and interviewed throughout her day, every one to two week over a period of eight months. A total of 53 home visits were observed, three clients were interviewed subsequent to visits, and documents and records were reviewed. A specific type of home visiting, labeled child-focused, which the nurse conducted in three distinct patterns--single, short-, and long-term, emerged. The long-term pattern is described in this article. An admiring, familiar, trusting, supporting, reassuring, and validating seeing and exchanging subprocess ran through these visits. Potential maternal, child, and environmental consequences were identified.
有特殊需求儿童的家庭、患有急慢性疾病儿童的家庭以及收养儿童的家庭，在许多公共卫生护士的工作量中所占比例越来越大。母婴家访期间的护理流程尚未明确，不同客户群体在这些流程及其相应结果方面的差异也未得到描述。本研究的目的是描述一位经验丰富的护士所实施的家访过程，并确定潜在的影响因素和相应后果。在这项实地研究调查中，对新英格兰农村地区一家访视护士协会的一名护士进行了为期八个月的观察和访谈，每1至2周进行一次，观察其一整天的工作。共观察了53次家访，对3名客户在访视后进行了访谈，并查阅了文件和记录。出现了一种特定类型的家访，称为以儿童为重点的家访，护士以三种不同模式进行——单次、短期和长期，本文描述的是长期模式。这些家访中贯穿了一种令人钦佩、熟悉、信任、支持、安心和确认的见面与交流子过程。确定了潜在的母亲、儿童和环境方面的后果。
