Allred D R
Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611-0880, USA.
Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 1998 Jun;92(4):461-72. doi: 10.1080/00034989859438.
Despite significant differences in some aspects of their life-cycles, the Apicomplexan parasites Babesia bovis and Plasmodium falciparum share many parallels. Significant among these are participation in rapid, clonal antigenic variation, and cyto-adherence and sequestration in the deep vasculature. Antigenic variation has long been thought to be primarily a mechanism of escape from antibody-mediated mechanisms of the host's immune system. In each species, the components demonstrated to participate in antigenic variation are parasite-derived proteins expressed on the infected erythrocyte's surface. Recently, the malarial component PfEMP1 has been found to be a multifunctional protein that is not only subject to antigenic variation, but also participates in cyto-adherence and rosetting (adhesion to uninfected erythrocytes). In the present review, the antigens elaborated on the surface of an erythrocyte infected with B. bovis, for immune evasion via antigenic variation, are described, and compared and contrasted with those from P. falciparum. The significance of the similarities between B. bovis and P. falciparum, and the potential for contributions to be made to our understanding of malaria through the study of babesiosis are discussed.
尽管巴贝斯虫属的牛巴贝斯虫和恶性疟原虫在生命周期的某些方面存在显著差异，但它们有许多相似之处。其中重要的相似点包括参与快速的克隆性抗原变异，以及在深部脉管系统中的细胞黏附和滞留。长期以来，抗原变异一直被认为主要是一种逃避宿主免疫系统抗体介导机制的手段。在每个物种中，已证明参与抗原变异的成分是感染红细胞表面表达的寄生虫衍生蛋白。最近，发现疟原虫成分恶性疟原虫红细胞膜蛋白1（PfEMP1）是一种多功能蛋白，不仅会发生抗原变异，还参与细胞黏附和花结形成（与未感染红细胞的黏附）。在本综述中，描述了感染牛巴贝斯虫的红细胞表面产生的用于通过抗原变异进行免疫逃避的抗原，并将其与恶性疟原虫的抗原进行比较和对比。讨论了牛巴贝斯虫和恶性疟原虫之间相似性的意义，以及通过研究巴贝斯虫病对我们理解疟疾可能做出的贡献。
