Terelak-Borys B, Czechońska G
Kliniki Okulistycznej CMPK w Warszawie.
Klin Oczna. 1998;100(1):45-9.
Choroidal osteoma is a benign, ossifying tumor, first described by Gass and Williams in 1978, typically found in healthy young females. Usually it is localized in the posterior pole of the eye, near the optic disc and the macula. Its aetiology is unknown: it may be caused by osseous metaplasia of the retinal pigment epithelium, or it may represent a kind of choristoma. The diagnosis of the choroidal osteoma is based mainly on its very characteristic clinical picture, ultrasonography and computed tomography--both demonstrating calcific plaque corresponding to the lesion. The most important complications of the tumor are: subretinal neovascularisation, subretinal and intraretinal haemorrhages, serous and haemorrhagic retinal detachments. Neovascularisation can be successfully treated by laser photocoagulation, which can even lead to decalcification and involution of the tumor. Choroidal osteoma must be differentiated mainly from amelanotic choroidal melanoma, choroidal nevus, choroidal haemangioma, choroidal metastasis, granuloma, organized subretinal haemorrhage, sclerochoroidal calcification and age-related macular degeneration. In this paper we present a case of a choroidal osteoma recognized in an 11-year-old girl. There have been no signs of tumor's growth or signs of subretinal neovascularisation for three years of follow-up. As far as we know, it is the first case of this disease described in Polish literature.
脉络膜骨瘤是一种良性骨化性肿瘤，1978年由加斯和威廉姆斯首次描述，多见于健康年轻女性。通常位于眼球后极，靠近视盘和黄斑。其病因不明：可能由视网膜色素上皮的骨化生引起，也可能是一种迷离瘤。脉络膜骨瘤的诊断主要基于其非常典型的临床表现、超声检查和计算机断层扫描——两者均显示与病变对应的钙化斑。该肿瘤最重要的并发症有：视网膜下新生血管形成、视网膜下和视网膜内出血、浆液性和出血性视网膜脱离。新生血管形成可通过激光光凝成功治疗，甚至可导致肿瘤脱钙和消退。脉络膜骨瘤必须主要与无色素性脉络膜黑色素瘤、脉络膜痣、脉络膜血管瘤、脉络膜转移瘤、肉芽肿、机化的视网膜下出血、巩膜脉络膜钙化和年龄相关性黄斑变性相鉴别。本文报告一例11岁女孩诊断为脉络膜骨瘤的病例。随访三年，未见肿瘤生长迹象或视网膜下新生血管形成迹象。据我们所知，这是波兰文献中描述的首例该疾病病例。
