Knivsberg A M
Center for Reading Research, Stavanger College, Norway.
Pediatr Rehabil. 1997 Jan-Mar;1(1):25-33. doi: 10.3109/17518429709060939.
There is an association between psychiatric disorders and dyslexia. In some psychiatric disorders abnormal urinary peptide patterns and peptide levels, and elevated levels of IgA antibodies to food proteins have been detected. These abnormalities are probably due to insufficient breakdown of the proteins gluten and casein. The aim of this study was to discover whether such abnormalities could be found in urine samples and serum of children with dyslexia. After screening 291 pupils in the fourth grade, 15 dyslexics and 15 controls were pairwise matched by gender, age, and cognitive level. Word decoding, spelling, and short-term memory tests were carried out, and information on handedness, immune and other disorders was obtained. Analyses of 24-h urine samples and of serum were performed. The reading abilities significantly differentiated the groups, and significant differences were found in frequency of left-handedness, immune disorders and other disorders. Three dyslexic children had elevated IgA antibodies. Two of these had positive endomycium tests, and coeliac disease was confirmed by biopsy. One had antibodies to proteins in milk. Our findings may suggest weak urinary peptide abnormalities in the dyslexic children, and they show significant differences in levels of IgA of antibodies to food proteins.
精神疾病与诵读困难之间存在关联。在一些精神疾病中，已检测到异常的尿肽模式和肽水平，以及针对食物蛋白的IgA抗体水平升高。这些异常可能是由于麸质和酪蛋白的蛋白质分解不足所致。本研究的目的是发现诵读困难儿童的尿液样本和血清中是否能发现此类异常。在对291名四年级学生进行筛查后，根据性别、年龄和认知水平对15名诵读困难儿童和15名对照进行了配对。进行了单词解码、拼写和短期记忆测试，并获取了关于用手习惯、免疫及其他疾病的信息。对24小时尿液样本和血清进行了分析。阅读能力显著区分了各组，并且在用手习惯、免疫疾病和其他疾病的频率方面发现了显著差异。三名诵读困难儿童的IgA抗体升高。其中两名进行肌内膜测试呈阳性，活检证实患有乳糜泻。一名对牛奶中的蛋白质有抗体。我们的研究结果可能表明诵读困难儿童存在轻微的尿肽异常，并且他们在针对食物蛋白的IgA抗体水平上存在显著差异。
