Sowunmi A, Oduola A M, Ogundahunsi O A, Salako L A
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1998 Jan-Feb;92(1):77-81. doi: 10.1016/s0035-9203(98)90964-6.
The efficacy of pyrimethamine/sulfadoxine (PS) and chloroquine plus chlorpheniramine, a histamine H1 receptor blocker which reverses chloroquine insensitivity in Plasmodium falciparum in vitro, was evaluated in 100 consecutive children with acute symptomatic uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Parasitaemia on day 3 following initiation of treatment, fever and symptom clearance times were significantly lower in the chloroquine/chlorpheniramine (CQ/CP) combination group than in the PS group. The cure rate was also significantly higher in the combination group. The combination cured all children who had failed PS treatment. Gametocytaemia and the gametocyte carrier rate following therapy were significantly lower in the combination group than in those receiving PS. Both treatments were well tolerated but adverse drug reactions were commoner in the children given PS. CQ/CP is effective in PS treatment failure in Nigerian children and may be useful for this condition in African children in general.
对100例连续的急性症状性非复杂性恶性疟患儿，评估了乙胺嘧啶/磺胺多辛（PS）以及氯喹加组胺H1受体阻滞剂氯苯那敏（氯喹加氯苯那敏可在体外逆转恶性疟原虫对氯喹的不敏感性）的疗效。氯喹/氯苯那敏（CQ/CP）联合治疗组治疗开始后第3天的寄生虫血症、发热及症状清除时间显著低于PS组。联合治疗组的治愈率也显著更高。该联合疗法治愈了所有PS治疗失败的患儿。联合治疗组治疗后的配子体血症及配子体携带率显著低于接受PS治疗的患儿。两种治疗耐受性均良好，但接受PS治疗的患儿药物不良反应更常见。CQ/CP对尼日利亚儿童PS治疗失败有效，可能对非洲儿童的这一情况普遍适用。
