Palmeri D, Auld G W, Taylor T, Kendall P, Anderson J
Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80523-1571, USA.
J Community Health. 1998 Aug;23(4):301-16. doi: 10.1023/a:1018775522429.
As part of a multi-level nutrition intervention for low-income Hispanics (LIH) and the professionals and paraprofessionals who serve them, focus groups were used to 1) identify nutrition education needs and preferred means of receiving nutrition information, 2) identify the LIH's barriers/motivators to dietary behavior change, and 3) assess the feasibility of using abuelas (Hispanic grandmothers) as educators. Nine focus groups were conducted using trained, local bilingual and bicultural moderators. Low-income Hispanics' primary concerns were their children's nutritional habits and ways to prepare quick, nutritious meals and snacks. Their major barriers to dietary change were financial limitations, lack of time, and family customs/habits. Professionals were concerned with the lack of interagency cooperation. Paraprofessionals were most interested in training on how to teach. All audiences preferred to receive nutrition education through classes with hands-on, interactive formats. Professionals and paraprofessionals noted advantages and disadvantages to using abuelas as educators. Including three populations in the needs assessment allowed comparisons of perspectives across groups and allowed the design of nutrition education programs appropriately targeted to these populations.
作为针对低收入西班牙裔人群（LIH）以及为他们服务的专业人员和辅助专业人员的多层次营养干预措施的一部分，焦点小组被用于：1）确定营养教育需求以及获取营养信息的首选方式；2）确定低收入西班牙裔人群改变饮食行为的障碍/动机；3）评估聘请西班牙裔祖母（abuelas）作为教育者的可行性。使用经过培训的当地双语和双文化主持人进行了9次焦点小组讨论。低收入西班牙裔人群主要关心的是其子女的营养习惯以及准备快捷、营养膳食和零食的方法。他们改变饮食的主要障碍是经济限制、时间不足以及家庭习俗/习惯。专业人员关注的是机构间缺乏合作。辅助专业人员对教学培训最感兴趣。所有受众都更喜欢通过具有实践操作和互动形式的课程来接受营养教育。专业人员和辅助专业人员指出了聘请西班牙裔祖母作为教育者的优缺点。在需求评估中纳入这三类人群，能够比较不同群体的观点，并有助于设计适合这些人群的营养教育项目。
