Thune I, Njølstad I, Løchen M L, Førde O H
Institute of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, Norway.
Arch Intern Med. 1998;158(15):1633-40. doi: 10.1001/archinte.158.15.1633.
Because physical activity may affect risk of certain chronic diseases, we wanted to examine the effects of leisure time physical activity on the metabolic profiles.
In a population-based cohort study, 5220 men and 5869 women, aged 20 to 49 years at entry, took part in 2 surveys (1979-1980 and 1986-1987) with repeated assessments of self-reported leisure time activity. Measurements of body mass index (measured as the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters [BMI]) and levels of serum triglyceride, total cholesterol (total C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were studied in relation to 4 levels of physical activity.
There was a dose-response relationship between serum lipid levels and BMI, and levels of physical activity in both sexes after adjustments for potential confounders. Differences in BMI and serum lipid levels between sedentary and sustained exercising groups were consistently more pronounced after 7 years than at baseline, especially in the oldest age group. Men reporting sustained very hard exercising compared with sedentary men had lower total C concentrations (5.65 mmol/L vs 6.21 mmol/L [218 mg/dL vs 240 mg/dL]), triglyceride levels (1.34 mmol/L vs 1.85 mmol/L [118 mg/dL vs 164 mg/dL] ), total C/HDL-C ratios by 19.0%, and BMI (23.9 kg/m2 vs 25.7 kg/m2), and higher HDL-C levels (1.52 mmol/L vs 1.36 mmol/L [59 mg/dL vs 52 mg/dL]). The combined sustained hard and very hard exercising group of women compared with sedentary women had lower total C concentrations (5.70 mmol/L vs 5.90 mmol/L [220 mg/ dL vs 228 mg/dL]), triglyceride levels (1.03 mmol/L vs 1.18 mmol/L [91 mg/dL vs 104 mg/dL]), total C/HDL-C ratios by 7.5%, BMI (23.1 kg/m2 vs 23.6 kg/m2), and higher HDL-C levels (1.73 mmol/L vs 1.66 mmol/L [67 mg/dL vs 64 mg/ dL]). An increase in leisure time activity over the 7 years improved metabolic profiles, whereas a decrease worsened them in both sexes.
Sustained high levels and change from sedentary to higher levels of physical activity relative to sedentary men and women improved the metabolic risk profiles in both sexes. The differences observed are sufficiently large to have a beneficial effect in the prevention of certain chronic diseases.
由于体育活动可能会影响某些慢性病的风险，我们想要研究休闲时间体育活动对代谢谱的影响。
在一项基于人群的队列研究中，5220名男性和5869名女性（入组时年龄为20至49岁）参与了2次调查（1979 - 1980年和1986 - 1987年），并对自我报告的休闲时间活动进行了重复评估。研究了体重指数（以千克为单位的体重除以以米为单位的身高的平方[BMI]）以及血清甘油三酯、总胆固醇（总C）和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL - C）水平与4个体育活动水平之间的关系。
在对潜在混杂因素进行调整后，男女的血清脂质水平、BMI和体育活动水平之间存在剂量反应关系。久坐组和持续锻炼组之间的BMI和血清脂质水平差异在7年后始终比基线时更为明显，尤其是在年龄最大的组中。与久坐男性相比，报告持续进行非常高强度锻炼的男性总C浓度较低（5.65 mmol/L对6.21 mmol/L [218 mg/dL对240 mg/dL]）、甘油三酯水平较低（1.34 mmol/L对1.85 mmol/L [118 mg/dL对164 mg/dL]）、总C/HDL - C比值低19.0%、BMI较低（23.9 kg/m²对25.7 kg/m²）且HDL - C水平较高（1.52 mmol/L对1.36 mmol/L [59 mg/dL对52 mg/dL]）。与久坐女性相比，持续进行高强度和非常高强度锻炼的女性联合组总C浓度较低（5.70 mmol/L对5.90 mmol/L [220 mg/dL对228 mg/dL]）、甘油三酯水平较低（1.03 mmol/L对1.18 mmol/L [91 mg/dL对104 mg/dL]）、总C/HDL - C比值低7.5%、BMI较低（23.1 kg/m²对23.6 kg/m²）且HDL - C水平较高（1.73 mmol/L对1.66 mmol/L [67 mg/dL对64 mg/dL]）。在这7年中，休闲时间活动的增加改善了代谢谱，而减少则使男女的代谢谱恶化。
相对于久坐的男性和女性，持续高水平以及从久坐状态转变为更高水平的体育活动改善了男女的代谢风险谱。观察到的差异足够大，对预防某些慢性病具有有益作用。
