美国老年人的牛奶消费量。
Milk consumption in older Americans.
作者信息
Elbon S M, Johnson M A, Fischer J G
机构信息
Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, USA.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 1998 Aug;88(8):1221-4. doi: 10.2105/ajph.88.8.1221.
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to identify individual characteristics associated with types and frequency of milk consumption in older American adults.
METHODS
A national probability-based sample (response rate = 91%) completed a telephone survey. Generalized logit and cumulative logit analyses were used to identify predictors of and barriers to fluid milk consumption in 494 elderly people.
RESULTS
The likelihood of drinking skim or 1% milk rather than whole milk increased with nutrition knowledge, income, trying to reduce cholesterol intake, and being female (P < .05). Frequency of milk consumption was higher with nutrition knowledge, frequency of milk consumption during adolescence, and following a diabetic diet but was lower with milk intolerance.
CONCLUSIONS
The present results could be used to develop intervention strategies for improving milk consumption rates among older adults. These strategies might focus on increasing elderly people's awareness of milk intolerance and lactose-reduced milk products and their concern about cholesterol. The relationship between current and adolescent milk consumption suggests that intervention strategies should begin early in life.
目的
本研究旨在确定与美国老年成年人牛奶消费类型及频率相关的个体特征。
方法
基于全国概率的样本（应答率 = 91%）完成了一项电话调查。采用广义logit分析和累积logit分析来确定494名老年人饮用液态奶的预测因素和障碍因素。
结果
与饮用全脂牛奶相比，饮用脱脂或1%牛奶的可能性随着营养知识、收入、试图降低胆固醇摄入量以及女性性别而增加（P < .05）。牛奶消费频率随着营养知识、青少年时期牛奶消费频率以及遵循糖尿病饮食而升高，但随着牛奶不耐受而降低。
结论
目前的结果可用于制定提高老年人牛奶消费率的干预策略。这些策略可能侧重于提高老年人对牛奶不耐受和低乳糖奶制品的认识以及他们对胆固醇的关注。当前和青少年牛奶消费之间的关系表明干预策略应在生命早期开始实施。
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