Christensen H, Kopelman M D, Stanhope N, Lorentz L, Owen P
NHMRC Psychiatric Epidemiology Research Centre, Australian National University, Canberra.
Neuropsychologia. 1998 Jun;36(6):547-57. doi: 10.1016/s0028-3932(97)00116-4.
Patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (AD) were compared with healthy controls on a picture recognition task, a forced choice word recognition task, a forced choice design recognition task, a picture recall task and a stem completion task. Performance on recognition and word stem completion was assessed at 1, 10 and 20 min after exposure to experimental stimuli, as these are delays across which previous studies had suggested there might be differing forgetting rates. AD patients did not show significantly faster rates of forgetting relative to controls on picture recognition, design recognition, word recognition or stem completion, after levels of learning had been matched as closely as possible. Moreover, once initial learning was equated in a small number of subjects, there were no qualitative differences between AD patients and controls following inclusion and exclusion instructions on the stem completion task. In particular, those AD patients who were matched to controls for initial levels of "recollection" showed comparable forgetting rates in recollection (or cued recall). Although matching was more difficult for a picture recall task, both the main analysis and subgroup analysis indicated faster forgetting in the AD group than controls, suggesting a difference between "free recall" and recognition or cued recall measures, comparable with the finding in a parallel study of organic amnesia.
将被诊断患有阿尔茨海默病（AD）的患者与健康对照者在图片识别任务、强制选择单词识别任务、强制选择设计识别任务、图片回忆任务和词干补全任务上进行了比较。在接触实验刺激后1分钟、10分钟和20分钟评估识别和词干补全的表现，因为这些是以往研究表明可能存在不同遗忘率的延迟时间。在尽可能密切匹配学习水平后，AD患者在图片识别、设计识别、单词识别或词干补全方面相对于对照者并未表现出明显更快的遗忘率。此外，在少数受试者中，一旦初始学习达到相等水平，在词干补全任务的包含和排除指令之后，AD患者和对照者之间没有质的差异。特别是，那些在初始“回忆”水平上与对照者匹配的AD患者在回忆（或线索回忆）中表现出相当的遗忘率。虽然图片回忆任务的匹配更困难，但主要分析和亚组分析均表明AD组的遗忘速度比对照组快，这表明“自由回忆”与识别或线索回忆测量之间存在差异，这与一项关于器质性遗忘症的平行研究结果相当。
