Berger A, Braner J, Doerr H W, Weber B
Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Universitätskliniken Frankfurt, Germany.
Intervirology. 1998;41(1):24-34. doi: 10.1159/000024912.
Quantitative determination of viral load using nucleic acid amplification techniques represents the most accurate prognostic marker for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, independently of CD4+ cell count. Overall, the different methods for HIV-1 RNA determination (RT-PCR, nucleic acid sequence-based amplification, branched DNA) show a good reproducibility (0.5 log), however for low copy numbers and in HIV-1-infected children the variability may exceed 0.7 log. In non-HIV-1 subtype B infections the copy number is underestimated. While serology permits an accurate follow-up of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, HBV DNA quantification is used for monitoring of antiviral therapy, determination of infectiosity and in combination with serological markers for the resolution of unusual profiles, i.e. isolated anti-HBc reactivity. The prognostic relevance of hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA determination is of limited value for the long-term prognosis of chronic hepatitis C, however the viral load may predict the outcome of antiviral therapy. Genetic diversity represents a challenge for HCV RNA quantification.
使用核酸扩增技术对病毒载量进行定量测定是人类免疫缺陷病毒1型（HIV-1）感染最准确的预后标志物，与CD4+细胞计数无关。总体而言，HIV-1 RNA测定的不同方法（逆转录聚合酶链反应、基于核酸序列的扩增、分支DNA）具有良好的重复性（0.5对数），然而对于低拷贝数以及HIV-1感染儿童，变异性可能超过0.7对数。在非HIV-1 B亚型感染中，拷贝数被低估。血清学可对乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染进行准确随访，而HBV DNA定量用于监测抗病毒治疗、确定传染性以及与血清学标志物联合以解析异常情况，即孤立的抗-HBc反应性。丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）RNA测定对慢性丙型肝炎的长期预后的预后相关性价值有限，然而病毒载量可预测抗病毒治疗的结果。基因多样性是HCV RNA定量面临的一个挑战。
