Whyte G
Rotman School of Management, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Organ Behav Hum Decis Process. 1998 Feb;73(2/3):185-209. doi: 10.1006/obhd.1998.2761.
This paper advances an explanation for decision fiascoes that reflects recent theoretical trends and was developed in response to a growing body of research that has failed to substantiate the groupthink model (Janis, 1982). In this new framework, the lack of vigilance and preference for risk that characterizes groups contaminated by groupthink are attributed in large part to perceptions of collective efficacy that unduly exceed capability. High collective efficacy may also contribute to the negative framing of decisions and to certain administrative and structural organizational faults. In the making of critical decisions, these factors induce a preference for risk and a powerful concurrence seeking tendency that, facilitated by group polarization, crystallize around a decision option that is likely to fail. Implications for research and some evidence in support of this approach to the groupthink phenomenon are also discussed. Copyright 1998 Academic Press.
本文提出了一种对决策失败的解释，该解释反映了近期的理论趋势，并且是针对越来越多未能证实群体思维模型（贾尼斯，1982年）的研究而发展起来的。在这个新框架中，被群体思维污染的群体所具有的缺乏警惕性和偏好风险的特征，在很大程度上归因于对集体效能的认知过度超过了能力。高集体效能也可能导致决策的负面框架以及某些行政和结构组织缺陷。在做出关键决策时，这些因素会引发对风险的偏好和强烈的趋同寻求倾向，在群体极化的推动下，围绕一个可能失败的决策选项固化下来。还讨论了对研究的启示以及一些支持这种群体思维现象研究方法的证据。版权所有1998年学术出版社。
