Kozempel M F, Annous B A, Cook R D, Scullen O J, Whiting R C
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Eastern Regional Research Center, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania 19038, USA.
J Food Prot. 1998 May;61(5):582-5. doi: 10.4315/0362-028x-61.5.582.
We developed a pilot-plant nonthermal flow process using microwave energy to inactivate microorganisms. The process consists of multiple passes through the microwave generator. Each passed material goes to a receiving tank for subsequent passes. The flow rate was 0.96 to 1.26 kg/min and the dwell time per pass was 1.1 to 1.5 min. Five passes were used. The microwave energy is instantaneously and simultaneously applied to the system, and thermal energy is removed by a cooling tube within the process line in the microwave generator. The cooling tube maintains the temperature below 40 degrees C. There was significant reduction in microorganisms in water, 10% glucose solution, and apple juice, and in yeast in beer. There was a slight decrease in microorganisms in tomato juice, pineapple juice, apple cider, and beer; and no effect in skim milk.
我们开发了一种中试规模的非热流动工艺，利用微波能量灭活微生物。该工艺包括多次通过微波发生器。每次通过的物料进入接收罐以便后续通过。流速为0.96至1.26千克/分钟，每次通过的停留时间为1.1至1.5分钟。采用了五次通过。微波能量瞬间同时施加于系统，热能通过微波发生器内工艺管线中的冷却管去除。冷却管将温度维持在40摄氏度以下。水中、10%葡萄糖溶液、苹果汁以及啤酒中的酵母中的微生物数量显著减少。番茄汁、菠萝汁、苹果酒和啤酒中的微生物数量略有下降；而脱脂牛奶中无影响。
