Jahangiri L, Devlin H, Ting K, Nishimura I
Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Mass., USA.
J Prosthet Dent. 1998 Aug;80(2):224-37. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3913(98)70116-7.
This article reviews the current understanding of the biology of tooth extraction wound healing and residual ridge remodeling.
The review of the biology of tooth extraction wound healing involves a discussion of the different cells populating the tooth extraction wound, the matrix formation, and the control of the repair process in the short-term. Defects in socket matrix formation or cellular activity will lead to stalled healing. The review of residual ridge remodeling describes the long-term result of tooth extraction and formation of residual ridges, in which the quantity of bone tissue continuously decreases. This may suggest that any potential regulatory factors of residual ridge resorption should have an adverse effect either on the increased catabolic activity by osteoclasts or on the decreased anabolic activity by osteoblasts. Both short-term tooth extraction healing and long-term residual ridge remodeling processes are interdependent. Furthermore, any potential genetic and environmental regulatory factors can affect the quality and quantity of bone by altering the gene expression events taking place in bone cells.
The intent of this article was to review the current progresses of biologic research on residual ridge remodeling and to relate the changes at molecular, cellular, and tissue levels. The understanding of residual ridge remodeling may provide a sound scientific basis for improved restorative and therapeutic treatments of the edentulous population.
本文综述了目前对拔牙创愈合生物学及剩余牙槽嵴改建的认识。
对拔牙创愈合生物学的综述涉及对拔牙创中不同细胞、基质形成以及短期修复过程控制的讨论。牙槽窝基质形成或细胞活性的缺陷会导致愈合停滞。对剩余牙槽嵴改建的综述描述了拔牙的长期结果及剩余牙槽嵴的形成，其中骨组织量持续减少。这可能表明，剩余牙槽嵴吸收的任何潜在调节因子对破骨细胞分解代谢活性增加或成骨细胞合成代谢活性降低均应有不利影响。拔牙短期愈合和剩余牙槽嵴长期改建过程相互依存。此外，任何潜在的遗传和环境调节因子都可通过改变骨细胞中发生的基因表达事件来影响骨的质量和数量。
本文旨在综述剩余牙槽嵴改建生物学研究的当前进展，并阐述分子、细胞和组织水平的变化。对剩余牙槽嵴改建的理解可为改善无牙颌人群的修复和治疗提供坚实的科学依据。
