Chatard J C, Chollet D, Millet G
Laboratoire de Physiologie, GIP Exercice, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Saint-Etienne, France.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1998 Aug;30(8):1276-80. doi: 10.1097/00005768-199808000-00015.
The influence of drafting was studied on the swimming performance, metabolic response, and passive drag of eight triathletes.
The performance in drafting position was measured directly behind another swimmer during a 400-m swim and compared with the nondrafting position. Metabolic response concerned VO(2), blood lactate, stroke rate, stroke length, and rating of perceived exertion. Drag was measured by passive towing.
In drafting position, the triathletes swam on average faster (3.2%) over the 400-m swim than in nondrafting position (4 min, 47.69 +/- 10.35 s vs 4 min, 57.25 +/- 7.24 s; P < 0.01). Blood lactate and stroke rate were significantly lower (9.6 mM vs 10.8 mM; 39.9 cyclexmin(-1) vs 41.3 cyclexmin(-1) P < 0.02) and stroke length higher (2.10 mx cycle(-1) vs 1.97 mxcycle(-1), P < 0.01) than in nondrafting position. VO(2) and rating of perceived exertion were not statistically different. Passive drag was lower in drafting than in nondrafting position (P < 0.01). However, the gain in drag decreased with the towed velocity (from 26% at 1.1 mxs(-1) to 13% at 1.7mxs(-1)). In drafting position, the performance gain was related to the 400-m time (r = 0.80, P < 0.01) and to the skinfold thickness (r = 0.94, P < 0.01), with faster and leaner swimmers having greater gains of performance.
Swimming behind another swimmer in a race is advantageous for triathletes.
研究了跟随划水对8名铁人三项运动员游泳表现、代谢反应和被动阻力的影响。
在400米游泳过程中，直接测量在另一名游泳者身后跟随划水位置的表现，并与非跟随划水位置进行比较。代谢反应涉及耗氧量、血乳酸、划水频率、划水长度和主观用力程度评级。通过被动拖曳测量阻力。
在跟随划水位置，铁人三项运动员在400米游泳中的平均速度比非跟随划水位置快（3.2%）（4分47.69±10.35秒对4分57.25±7.24秒；P<0.01）。血乳酸和划水频率显著更低（9.6毫摩尔对10.8毫摩尔；39.9次/分钟对41.3次/分钟，P<0.02），划水长度比非跟随划水位置更高（2.10米/划水周期对1.97米/划水周期，P<0.01）。耗氧量和主观用力程度评级无统计学差异。跟随划水时的被动阻力低于非跟随划水位置（P<0.01）。然而，阻力的降低幅度随拖曳速度而减小（从1.1米/秒时的26%降至1.7米/秒时的13%）。在跟随划水位置，表现提升与400米游泳时间相关（r=0.80，P<0.01），与皮褶厚度相关（r=0.94，P<0.01），游泳速度更快且体型更瘦的运动员表现提升更大。
在比赛中跟随另一名游泳者游泳对铁人三项运动员有利。
