Spritzer C E, Trotter P, Sostman H D
Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
Radiology. 1998 Sep;208(3):631-9. doi: 10.1148/radiology.208.3.9722839.
To determine the gradient-recalled-echo (GRE) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging changes caused by intraluminal thrombus of the lower extremities over time and to establish GRE MR imaging criteria to help distinguish acute from previous deep venous thrombosis.
Four women and six men, aged 38-76 years, underwent GRE MR imaging two to four time after the original diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis; eight also underwent confirmatory ultrasonography at that time. Follow-up was 3 months to 1 1/2 years. All patients were treated with anticoagulants. Evidence of thrombus, signal intensity characteristics, and MR imaging appearance were evaluated.
Acute thrombosis was identified as an occlusion or prominent filling defect within the vessel. The luminal diameter of thrombosed veins was equal to or larger than that of a corresponding, unaffected vessel in each case. Acute thrombus signal intensity tended to be decreased initially and increase over time. Residual changes due to thrombosis included the web formation (n = 3), luminal narrowing (n = 4), and wall thickening and/or slow flow (n = 5). Vessels in three patients reverted to normal.
GRE MR imaging demonstrated progressive changes of venous thrombus over time. These criteria may help distinguish acute deep venous thrombosis from the residual changes of previous thrombosis.
确定下肢管腔内血栓随时间推移引起的梯度回波（GRE）磁共振（MR）成像变化，并建立GRE MR成像标准，以帮助区分急性与既往的深静脉血栓形成。
4名女性和6名男性，年龄38 - 76岁，在最初诊断为深静脉血栓形成后接受了2至4次GRE MR成像检查；其中8人在那时还接受了超声检查以进行确认。随访时间为3个月至1年半。所有患者均接受抗凝治疗。对血栓证据、信号强度特征和MR成像表现进行评估。
急性血栓形成表现为血管内的闭塞或明显充盈缺损。在每种情况下，血栓形成静脉的管腔直径等于或大于相应的未受影响血管。急性血栓信号强度最初往往降低，随时间增加。血栓形成的残留变化包括条索状形成（n = 3）、管腔狭窄（n = 4）以及管壁增厚和/或血流缓慢（n = 5）。3名患者的血管恢复正常。
GRE MR成像显示静脉血栓随时间的渐进性变化。这些标准可能有助于区分急性深静脉血栓形成与既往血栓形成的残留变化。
