Grant C C, Scragg R, Tan D, Pati A, Aickin R, Yee R L
Department of Paediatrics, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
J Paediatr Child Health. 1998 Aug;34(4):355-9. doi: 10.1046/j.1440-1754.1998.00237.x.
To describe the epidemiology of hospitalizations for pneumonia in children in Auckland, New Zealand.
A consecutive sample of children hospitalised with pneumonia at the Starship Childrens Hospital from 1 July 1993 to 30 June 1996. Subjects were Pacific Island, Maori, and European/other children aged 0-14 years resident in north, west and central Auckland who were hospitalized with pneumonia. Comparisons were made of the number of hospitalisations by year, ethnicity, age and season; and of the hospitalisation rates by year, ethnicity and age.
There were 681 children who were hospitalized with pneumonia during 1993-94, 731 during 1994-95 and 630 during 1995-96. The average annual hospitalization rate was 5.0 per 1000 children aged 0-14 years (95% CI 4.8-5.2). The average annual hospitalisation rate for Pacific Island children was 14.0 per 1000 (95% CI 13.0-14.9), for Maori children 6.7 per 1000 (95% CI 6.0-7.4) and for European/other children was 2.7 per 1000 (95% CI 2.6-2.9). Fifty-three per cent of the hospitalised children were less than 2 years of age. A larger percentage of Pacific Island (61%) and Maori (60%) children were aged less than 2 years compared to European/other (42%) children (P < 0.001). There was marked seasonal variability in the number of hospitalizations, with peaks in hospitalizations corresponding to peaks in positive respiratory viral isolates.
Pneumonia was a consistent cause of hospitalisation for a large number of Auckland children during this 3-year period. Hospitalisation rates and age distribution varied with ethnicity. Hospitalization rates were highest for Pacific Island. intermediate for Maori and lowest for European/other children. Based on these hospitalisation data, pneumonia is a significant cause of morbidity for children in Auckland, New Zealand.
描述新西兰奥克兰儿童肺炎住院的流行病学情况。
选取1993年7月1日至1996年6月30日期间在星舰儿童医院因肺炎住院的儿童连续样本。研究对象为居住在奥克兰北部、西部和中部的0至14岁太平洋岛民、毛利族以及欧洲裔/其他族裔儿童，他们因肺炎住院。对各年份、种族、年龄和季节的住院人数进行比较；并对各年份、种族和年龄的住院率进行比较。
1993 - 1994年有681名儿童因肺炎住院，1994 - 1995年有731名，1995 - 1996年有630名。0至14岁儿童的年平均住院率为每1000名儿童中有5.0例（95%可信区间4.8 - 5.2）。太平洋岛民儿童的年平均住院率为每1000名中有14.0例（95%可信区间13.0 - 14.9），毛利族儿童为每1000名中有6.7例（95%可信区间6.0 - 7.4），欧洲裔/其他族裔儿童为每1000名中有2.7例（95%可信区间2.6 - 2.9）。53%的住院儿童年龄小于2岁。与欧洲裔/其他族裔儿童（42%）相比，太平洋岛民（61%）和毛利族（60%）年龄小于2岁的儿童所占比例更高（P < 0.001）。住院人数存在明显的季节性变化，住院高峰与呼吸道病毒阳性分离株的高峰相对应。
在这3年期间，肺炎是大量奥克兰儿童住院的一个持续原因。住院率和年龄分布因种族而异。太平洋岛民的住院率最高，毛利族居中，欧洲裔/其他族裔儿童最低。基于这些住院数据，肺炎是新西兰奥克兰儿童发病的一个重要原因。
