Harley N H, Albert R E, Shore R E, Pasternack B S
Phys Med Biol. 1976 Jul;21(4):631-42. doi: 10.1088/0031-9155/21/4/013.
This study is a further investigation of radiation dose to various head structures in the children given X-ray therapy for tinea capitis (ringworm of the scalp). In this work, estimates of the dose to the thyroid and pituitary gland were obtained with lithium fluoride thermoluminescent dosemeters using a child's head phantom. Doses were also measured for the parotid gland and several skin sites where skin tumours developed in the irradiated cases. In a previous study, brain and scalp doses of 140 and 500-800 rad had been estimated for the treated group using this same head phantom. In this work dosemeters were also placed in the same brain locations so that comparisons could be obtained between the two studies. The thyroid dose was estimated to be 6 +/- 2 rad and the pituitary dose was 49 +/- 6 rad for the conventional tinea capitis treatment. The dose to the parotid gland was 39 rad and the dose to skin sites on the face and neck where tumours occurred ranged from 20 to 40 rad. The data for the thyroid adenoma response from this and other studies involving irradiation of children suggests a linear dose-response relationship within the first 30-40 years after exposure with a risk of about 0-04% per rad.
本研究是对接受头癣(头皮癣)X射线治疗的儿童各种头部结构所受辐射剂量的进一步调查。在这项工作中,使用儿童头部模型,通过氟化锂热释光剂量计获得了甲状腺和垂体所受剂量的估计值。还测量了腮腺以及在接受照射的病例中出现皮肤肿瘤的几个皮肤部位的剂量。在先前的一项研究中,使用相同的头部模型估计治疗组的脑部和头皮剂量分别为140拉德和500 - 800拉德。在这项工作中,剂量计也放置在相同的脑部位置,以便能够在两项研究之间进行比较。对于传统的头癣治疗,甲状腺剂量估计为6±2拉德,垂体剂量为49±6拉德。腮腺所受剂量为39拉德,面部和颈部出现肿瘤的皮肤部位所受剂量范围为20至40拉德。这项研究以及其他涉及儿童照射的研究中关于甲状腺腺瘤反应的数据表明,在接触后的头30 - 40年内存在线性剂量反应关系,每拉德的风险约为0.04%。