Brenner H, Rothenbacher D, Bode G, Gommel R, Berg G, Adler G
Department of Epidemiology, University of Ulm, Germany.
Epidemiology. 1998 Sep;9(5):545-9.
Exposure to parental smoking is known to increase children's susceptibility to a variety of infections. We investigated the relation of parental smoking to infection with Helicobacter pylori in a population-based study among preschool children who were screened for school fitness in the city of Ulm, Germany, in 1996. Current infection with H. pylori was measured by a 13C-labeled urea breath test. Information on factors potentially related to H. pylori infection, including parental smoking in the household, was obtained from children's parents through a self-administered standardized questionnaire. Among 1,201 eligible children, 945 participated in the study (response rate = 79%). Overall prevalence of active infection was 13.7%. After adjustment for confounding factors, we found a strong positive relation between smoking by the father in the household and H. pylori infection (odds ratio = 3.7; 95% confidence interval = 2.3-6.1). By contrast, there was a strong negative relation between smoking by the mother and H. pylori infection (odds ratio = 0.4; 95% confidence interval = 0.2-0.8) that was most pronounced among children who had been breastfed. These striking patterns cannot be explained by current knowledge.
已知接触父母吸烟会增加儿童对多种感染的易感性。在1996年德国乌尔姆市一项针对学龄前儿童进行入学健康筛查的基于人群的研究中，我们调查了父母吸烟与幽门螺杆菌感染之间的关系。通过13C标记的尿素呼气试验检测当前幽门螺杆菌感染情况。通过一份自我管理的标准化问卷，从儿童父母那里获取了与幽门螺杆菌感染潜在相关因素的信息，包括家庭中父母吸烟情况。在1201名符合条件的儿童中，945名参与了研究（应答率 = 79%）。活动性感染的总体患病率为13.7%。在对混杂因素进行调整后，我们发现家庭中父亲吸烟与幽门螺杆菌感染之间存在很强的正相关关系（比值比 = 3.7；95%置信区间 = 2.3 - 6.1）。相比之下，母亲吸烟与幽门螺杆菌感染之间存在很强的负相关关系（比值比 = 0.4；95%置信区间 = 0.2 - 0.8），这种关系在母乳喂养的儿童中最为明显。这些显著的模式无法用目前的知识来解释。
