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亚急性短肠综合征禁食大鼠的肾脏精氨酸代谢

Renal arginine metabolism in fasted rats with subacute short bowel syndrome.

作者信息

Dejong C H, Welters C F, Deutz N E, Heineman E, Soeters P B

机构信息

Department of Surgery, University Hospital Maastricht, PO Box 5800, NL-6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands.

出版信息

Clin Sci (Lond). 1998 Oct;95(4):409-18.

PMID:9748416
Abstract
  1. Arginine can be produced in the kidney from citrulline. An important source of circulating citrulline is the intestinal breakdown of glutamine. Consequently, partial enterectomy leads to decreased plasma citrulline levels. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of diminished arterial citrulline levels on renal arginine production and total-body free arginine pools.2. Renal amino acid metabolism was studied 24 h after 75% small bowel resection in rats fasted overnight (16 h) (n=12; total fast 40 h). Sham-operated (n=9) and non-operated 16-h and 40-h fasted controls were studied in parallel (n=8/n=7). During anaesthesia, L-(2, 3-3H)-arginine and para-aminohippuric acid were infused until steady state. Subsequently, arterial and renal venous blood samples were taken. Concentrations of para-aminohippurate and amino acids and specific activity of arginine and citrulline were measured to calculate renal plasma flow, net renal uptake or release, and unidirectional influx or efflux of arginine and citrulline, as well as whole-body arginine turnover.3. Arterial citrulline was decreased in enterectomized rats compared with sham-operated rats (23+/-3 versus 44+/-6 microM). Net renal citrulline uptake and arginine release were almost stoichiometric (-36+/-7 and 38+/-6 nmol.min-1. 100 g-1 body weight respectively in sham-operated rats) and were both diminished by 50% in enterectomized versus sham-operated rats. In all groups, net renal arginine production accounted for less than 10% of whole-body rate of arginine appearance (488 nmol.min-1.100 g-1 body weight in the sham group). Despite decreased net renal citrulline consumption and renal arginine production in enterectomized rats, whole-body rate of arginine appearance and arterial arginine did not change significantly.4. In conclusion, net renal arginine production is reduced 24 h after 75% enterectomy in fasted rats. However, this does not have important effects on whole-body arginine production.
摘要

  1. 精氨酸可在肾脏中由瓜氨酸生成。循环瓜氨酸的一个重要来源是谷氨酰胺的肠道分解。因此，部分肠切除术会导致血浆瓜氨酸水平降低。本研究的目的是探讨动脉瓜氨酸水平降低对肾脏精氨酸生成及全身游离精氨酸池的影响。

  2. 在禁食过夜（16小时）的大鼠行75%小肠切除术后24小时研究其肾脏氨基酸代谢（n = 12；总禁食40小时）。同时对假手术组（n = 9）以及未手术的禁食16小时和40小时的对照组进行研究（n = 8/n = 7）。麻醉期间，输注L-(2, 3-³H)-精氨酸和对氨基马尿酸直至达到稳态。随后，采集动脉和肾静脉血样。测量对氨基马尿酸盐和氨基酸的浓度以及精氨酸和瓜氨酸的比活性，以计算肾血浆流量、肾脏净摄取或释放量，以及精氨酸和瓜氨酸的单向流入或流出量，还有全身精氨酸周转率。

  3. 与假手术组大鼠相比，肠切除术后大鼠的动脉瓜氨酸水平降低（23±3对44±6微摩尔）。肾脏瓜氨酸净摄取量和精氨酸释放量几乎呈化学计量关系（假手术组大鼠分别为-36±7和38±6纳摩尔·分钟⁻¹·100克⁻¹体重），与假手术组大鼠相比，肠切除术后大鼠的这两项指标均降低了50%。在所有组中，肾脏精氨酸净生成量占全身精氨酸出现率的比例不到10%（假手术组为488纳摩尔·分钟⁻¹·100克⁻¹体重）。尽管肠切除术后大鼠肾脏瓜氨酸净消耗量和肾脏精氨酸生成量降低，但全身精氨酸出现率和动脉精氨酸水平并未显著改变。

  4. 总之，禁食大鼠行75%肠切除术后24小时，肾脏精氨酸净生成量减少。然而，这对全身精氨酸生成没有重要影响。

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