Mogil Jeffrey S, Grisel Judith E
Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 603 East Daniel Street, Champaign, IL 61820, USA Department of Psychology, Furman University, Greenville, SC 29613, USA.
Pain. 1998 Aug;77(2):107-128. doi: 10.1016/S0304-3959(98)00093-1.
A revolution in molecular biological technology has allowed, for the first time, the study of pain at the level of the gene. The molecular genetic technique currently garnering the most interest is the use of transgenic mice that either overexpress, or do not express, presumably pain-related proteins. This paper reviews the findings of investigations in which a transgenic mouse has been assessed for nociceptive or analgesic sensitivity. As of this writing, 25 different kinds of mutant mice--lacking neurotrophins and their receptors, peripheral mediators of nociception and hyperalgesia, opioids and their receptors, non-opioid transmitter receptors, and intracellular molecules participating in signal transduction--have been produced and tested on behavioral assays of nociception. Results of these studies have been variously confirmatory, contradictory and enlightening compared to conventional investigations. The advantages and limitations of this approach to pain research are discussed.
分子生物技术的一场革命首次使得在基因层面研究疼痛成为可能。目前最受关注的分子遗传学技术是使用转基因小鼠，这些小鼠要么过度表达，要么不表达据推测与疼痛相关的蛋白质。本文综述了对转基因小鼠的伤害感受或镇痛敏感性进行评估的研究结果。截至撰写本文时，已经培育出25种不同类型的突变小鼠——缺乏神经营养因子及其受体、伤害感受和痛觉过敏的外周介质、阿片类物质及其受体、非阿片类递质受体以及参与信号转导的细胞内分子——并对它们进行了伤害感受行为测定测试。与传统研究相比，这些研究结果既有证实性的，也有矛盾的和启发性的。本文还讨论了这种疼痛研究方法的优点和局限性。
