Oliver L C, Shackleton B W
Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA.
Public Health Rep. 1998 Sep-Oct;113(5):398-409.
Increasingly recognized as a potential public health problem since the outbreak of Legionnaire's disease in Philadelphia in 1976, polluted indoor air has been associated with health problems that include asthma, sick building syndrome, multiple chemical sensitivity, and hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Symptoms are often nonspecific and include headache, eye and throat irritation, chest tightness and shortness of breath, and fatigue. Air-borne contaminants include commonly used chemicals, vehicular exhaust, microbial organisms, fibrous glass particles, and dust. Identified causes include defective building design and construction, aging of buildings and their ventilation systems, poor climate control, inattention to building maintenance. A major contributory factor is the explosion in the use of chemicals in building construction and furnishing materials over the past four decades. Organizational issues and psychological variables often contribute to the problem and hinder its resolution. This article describes the health problems related to poor indoor air quality and offers solutions.
自1976年费城爆发军团病以来，室内空气污染日益被视为一个潜在的公共卫生问题，它与包括哮喘、病态建筑综合征、多重化学物质敏感症以及过敏性肺炎在内的健康问题相关。症状往往不具特异性，包括头痛、眼睛和喉咙刺激感、胸闷、呼吸急促以及疲劳。空气传播污染物包括常用化学品、汽车尾气、微生物、玻璃纤维颗粒和灰尘。已确定的原因包括建筑设计和施工缺陷、建筑物及其通风系统老化、气候控制不佳、对建筑维护的忽视。一个主要促成因素是过去四十年来建筑施工和装修材料中化学品使用的激增。组织问题和心理变量往往会导致这一问题并阻碍其解决。本文描述了与室内空气质量差相关的健康问题并提供了解决方案。
