Lindberg E, Taube A, Janson C, Gislason T, Svärdsudd K, Boman G
Department of Lung Medicine and Asthma Research Centre, Uppsala University, Akademiska Sjukhuset, Sweden.
Chest. 1998 Oct;114(4):1048-55. doi: 10.1378/chest.114.4.1048.
Little is known about the natural development of snoring, and this survey was conducted to study the development of snoring in men over a 10-year period.
Population-based prospective survey.
The Municipality of Uppsala, Sweden.
In 1984, 3,201 randomly selected men aged 30 to 69 years answered a questionnaire on snoring and sleep disturbances. Of the 2,975 survivors in 1994, 2,668 (89.7%) answered a new questionnaire with identical questions to those used at baseline. Questions about smoking habits, alcohol, and physical activity were also added.
Habitual snoring was reported by 393 men (15.0%) in 1984 and by 529 (20.4%) 10 years later. In both 1984 and 1994, the prevalence of snoring increased until age 50 to 60 years and then decreased. Risk factors for being a habitual snorer at the follow-up were investigated using multiple logistic regression with adjustments for previous snoring status, age, body mass index (BMI), weight gain, smoking habits, and physical activity. In men aged 30 to 49 years at baseline, the predictors of habitual snoring at the follow-up, in addition to previous snoring status, were as follows: persistent smoking (adjusted odds ratio, 95% confidence interval) (1.4, 1.1 to 1.9), BMI 1984 (1.1, 1.02 to 1.1/kg/m2) and weight gain (1.1, 1.03 to 1.2/kg/m2). Among men aged 50 to 69 years, after adjustments for previous snoring status and age, weight gain was the only significant risk factor for developing habitual snoring (1.2, 1.05 to 1.4/kg/m2).
In men, the prevalence of snoring increases up to the age of 50 to 60 years and is then followed by a decrease. Weight gain is a risk factor for snoring in all age groups, while smoking is mainly associated with snoring in men <60 years of age.
关于打鼾的自然发展情况所知甚少，开展本次调查以研究男性在10年期间打鼾情况的发展变化。
基于人群的前瞻性调查。
瑞典乌普萨拉市。
1984年，3201名年龄在30至69岁之间的男性被随机选取，他们回答了一份关于打鼾和睡眠障碍的问卷。在1994年的2975名幸存者中，2668人（89.7%）回答了一份与基线时问题相同的新问卷。还增加了关于吸烟习惯、饮酒和体育活动的问题。
1984年有393名男性（15.0%）报告有习惯性打鼾，10年后有529人（20.4%）报告有习惯性打鼾。在1984年和1994年，打鼾患病率均在50至60岁时上升，之后下降。使用多因素逻辑回归对既往打鼾状况、年龄、体重指数（BMI）、体重增加、吸烟习惯和体育活动进行调整后，对随访时成为习惯性打鼾者的危险因素进行了调查。在基线时年龄为30至49岁的男性中，除既往打鼾状况外，随访时习惯性打鼾的预测因素如下：持续吸烟（调整后的比值比，95%置信区间）（1.4，1.1至1.9）、1984年的BMI（1.1，1.02至1.1/千克/平方米）以及体重增加（1.1，1.03至1.2/千克/平方米）。在年龄为50至69岁的男性中，在对既往打鼾状况和年龄进行调整后，体重增加是发生习惯性打鼾的唯一显著危险因素（1.2，1.05至1.4/千克/平方米）。
在男性中，打鼾患病率在50至60岁时上升，之后下降。体重增加是所有年龄组打鼾的危险因素，而吸烟主要与60岁以下男性的打鼾有关。
