Wright N R, Cameron D
Department of Psychiatry, University of Leicester, Leicester Royal Infirmary, UK.
Alcohol Alcohol. 1998 Sep-Oct;33(5):495-501. doi: 10.1093/alcalc/33.5.495.
Fifty-one healthy men aged 20-35 years kept daily drinking diaries for 4 weeks prior to a 90-min drinking session of 1 ml of ethanol/kg body weight, taken as 4% alcohol by volume lager, at a constant rate, whilst fasting. This was followed by repeat breath-alcohol measurements for 90 min. Habitually light drinkers had significantly lower breath-alcohol levels than heavier drinkers up to 10 min post-drinking. Variation in breath-alcohol level was independent of habitual intake 15-90 min post-drinking. However, habitually light drinkers still had significantly lower blood-alcohol levels than heavy drinkers 30 min post-drinking. Group mean post-drinking breath-alcohol levels peaked at 20 min in light and moderate drinkers, at 10 min in heavy drinkers and at 5 min in very heavy drinkers. Wide individual variation in peak and rate of decline of breath-alcohol levels occurred independently of habitual intake and despite experimental control for factors influential on alcohol kinetics. Algorithms for alcohol intake and breath concentrations have limited application if drinking is prolonged. We suggest that preabsorptive metabolism and/or delayed absorption of alcohol may contribute to lower breath-alcohol levels in habitually light drinkers for 10 min following alcohol intake under the conditions of this study.
51名年龄在20至35岁之间的健康男性在一次90分钟的饮酒实验前连续4周记录每日饮酒日记。该饮酒实验中，他们在空腹状态下，以恒定速率饮用每千克体重1毫升乙醇（相当于体积分数为4%的贮藏啤酒）。随后，在接下来的90分钟内重复进行呼气酒精含量测量。在饮酒后长达10分钟的时间里，习惯性轻度饮酒者的呼气酒精含量显著低于重度饮酒者。饮酒后15至90分钟，呼气酒精含量的变化与习惯性饮酒量无关。然而，在饮酒后30分钟，习惯性轻度饮酒者的血液酒精含量仍显著低于重度饮酒者。轻度和中度饮酒者的组平均饮酒后呼气酒精含量在20分钟时达到峰值，重度饮酒者在10分钟时达到峰值，极重度饮酒者在5分钟时达到峰值。尽管对影响酒精动力学的因素进行了实验控制，但呼气酒精含量峰值和下降速率的个体差异很大，且与习惯性饮酒量无关。如果饮酒时间延长，酒精摄入量和呼气浓度的算法应用会受到限制。我们认为，在本研究条件下，酒精摄入后10分钟内，习惯性轻度饮酒者较低的呼气酒精含量可能是由于酒精吸收前的代谢和/或延迟吸收所致。
